Table 5 Summary of hierarchical multiple regressions that tested the predictive power of orthographic knowledge and typewriting measures on Chinese reading and dictation after controlling for differences in age, DSE Chinese and handwriting time.
From: Differential impacts of different keyboard inputting methods on reading and writing skills
Step | Variable | Orthographic-based typewriting group | Pronunciation-based typewriting group | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Character reading | Dictation | Typewriting Speed | Character reading | Dictation | Typewriting Speed | ||||||||
ΔR2 | β | ΔR2 | β | ΔR2 | β | ΔR2 | β | ΔR2 | β | ΔR2 | β | ||
1 | Age | 0.000 | 0.016 | 0.000 | 0.008 | 0.000 | 0.015 | ||||||
2 | HKDSE Chinese | 0.195*** | 0.085** | 0.000 | 0.057* | 0.089** | 0.032ǂ | ||||||
3 | Handwriting time | 0.005 | 0.024 | 0.040ǂ | 0.003 | 0.011 | 0.004 | ||||||
4 | Typewriting speed | 0.027ǂ | 0.169ǂ | 0.087** | 0.301** | — | — | 0.016 | 0.131 | 0.000 | 0.000 | — | — |
4 | Typewriting time | 0.011 | 0.114 | 0.034ǂ | 0.197ǂ | 0.112*** | 0.357*** | 0.000 | −0.015 | 0.009 | 0.099 | 0.132*** | 0.386*** |
4 | Orthographic knowledge | 0.293*** | 0.555*** | 0.428*** | 0.671*** | 0.114*** | 0.346*** | 0.164*** | 0.424*** | 0.518*** | 0.753*** | 0.008 | 0.091 |
