Table 2 Sample analysed and results of body mass estimations.

From: Bone histology provides insights into the life history mechanisms underlying dwarfing in hipparionins

 

Group

Body Mass estimation (kg)

Fossil Site and Age (MN)

Element

Specimen

Collection

LM mid-shaft Diameter (mm)

Eastern Mediterranean

primigenium morphotype

188.92 (±43.35 SD, N = 99)

Pentalophos (MN9)

Metacarpal

PNT-22

LGPUT

26.17

Pentalophos (MN9)

Metatarsal

PNT-4

LGPUT

25.81

Ravin de la Pluie (MN10)

Metacarpal

RPL-nn

LGPUT

28.53

Ravin de la Pluie (MN10)

Metatarsal

RPL-3

LGPUT

27.05

Nikiti-1 (MN10)

Metacarpal

NKT-22

LGPUT

27.75

dietrichi morphotype

143.16 (±28.69 SD, N = 279)

Nikiti-2 (MN11)

Metacarpal

NIK-1736

LGPUT

21.92

Perivolaki (MN12)

Metacarpal

PER-X

LGPUT

21.99

Perivolaki (MN12)

Metatarsal

PER-1211

LGPUT

22.76

Perivolaki (MN12)

Metatarsal

PER-342

LGPUT

25.21

Dytiko-1 (MN13)

Metacarpal

DTK-58

LGPUT

24.42

Dytiko-1 (MN13)

Metatarsal

DTK-149

LGPUT

24.92

Dytiko-1 (MN13)

Metatarsal

DTK-106

LGPUT

27.01

Dytiko-1 (MN13)

Metatarsal

DTK-104

LGPUT

26.34

macedonicum morphotype

76.09 (±15.04 SD, N = 258)

Ravin de la Pluie (MN10)

Metacarpal

RPL-44

LGPUT

21.51

Nikiti-1 (MN10)

Metatarsal

NKT-nn

LGPUT

20.33

Nikiti-2 (MN11)

Metacarpal

NIK-1698

LGPUT

19.85

Nikiti-2 (MN11)

Metacarpal

NIK-nn

LGPUT

18.65

Vathylakos-2 (MN11)

Metatarsal

VAT-112

LGPUT

19.71

Perivolaki (MN12)

Metacarpal

PER-23

LGPUT

20.43

Perivolaki (MN12)

Metacarpal

PER-425

LGPUT

20.49

Perivolaki (MN12)

Metatarsal

PER-380

LGPUT

20.50

Perivolaki (MN12)

Metatarsal

PER-485

LGPUT

20.29

Western Mediterranean

Hipparion gromovae

84.33 (±12.86 SD, N = 80)

Rambla de Valdecebro II (MN13)

Metacarpal

IPS-96274

ICP

21.91

Rambla de Valdecebro II (MN13)

Metacarpal

IPS-96275

ICP

19.02

Rambla de Valdecebro II (MN13)

Metacarpal

IPS-101807

ICP

21.12

Rambla de Valdecebro II (MN13)

Metacarpal

IPS-101810

ICP

20.43

Rambla de Valdecebro II (MN13)

Metatarsal

IPS-96276

ICP

20.92

Rambla de Valdecebro II (MN13)

Metatarsal

IPS-96277

ICP

21.51

Rambla de Valdecebro II (MN13)

Metatarsal

IPS-101808

ICP

22.22

Rambla de Valdecebro II (MN13)

Metatarsal

IPS-01809

ICP

22.81

H. truyolsi

192.46 (±17.37 SD, N = 8)

Rambla de Valdecebro II (MN13)

Metatarsal

IPS-28842

ICP

28.73

  1. Lateromedial diameter (LM) at mid-shaft is provided as a metapodial size proxy. LGPUT: Material sampled from the collections of the Laboratory of Geology and Paleontology at the University of Thessaloniki; ICP: Material sampled from the collections of the Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont.