Table 4 Ionization Cluster size distribution and Ion drift time analysis to confirm the lung malignancy.

From: An In-Vitro Study for Early Detection and to Distinguish Breast and Lung Malignancies Using the Pcb Technology Based Nanodosimeter

Parameters/Lung

Without Sample

Normal

Stage 0

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3a

Stage 3b

Stage 4

Ionization Cluster Size Distribution

Range

0–3

528–530

890–891

990–992

1100–1102

2299–2300

2700–2701

3100–3101

Mean

2.6

529.7

890.9

991.7

1101.8

2299.8

2700.9

3100.9

б²

0.84

0.41

0.09

0.41

0.36

0.16

0.09

0.09

б

0.97

0.67

0.32

0.67

0.63

0.42

0.32

0.32

Times

—

—

6.81

8.72

10.80

33.41

40.98

48.54

Ion Drift Time (µs)

Range

6–7

15–16

31.5–32

35–36

37–38

49–50

65–67

69–70

Mean

6.9

15.9

31.9

35.9

37.8

49.9

66.7

69.9

б²

0.09

0.09

0.04

0.09

0.16

0.09

0.41

0.09

б

0.32

0.32

0.21

0.32

0.42

0.32

0.67

0.32

Times

—

—

10.1

12.5

13.7

21.3

31.9

33.9

  1. ICSD- Ionization Cluster Size Distribution; IDT- Ion Drift Time; б² - Variance; б - Standard Deviation; NMR – Normal to Malignancy Ratio.