Table 1 Characteristics of all patients.

From: High Serum Uric Acid is Highly Associated with a Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Rather than Increased Plasma B-type Natriuretic Peptide in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases

Characteristics

Overall

Female

Male

P value

Number (%) or Mean ± SD, Median [interquartile range]

Numbers of patients

3,077 (100.0)

542 (17.6)

2,535 (82.4)

 

Age (years old)

65.7 ± 11.9

69.6 ± 13.0

64.8 ± 11.4

<0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

24.4 ± 4.0

22.5 ± 4.5

24.8 ± 3.7

<0.001

Current smoker

651 (21.2)

56 (1.8) (10.3†)

595 (19.3) (23.5†)

<0.001

Family history of IHD

743 (24.1)

131 (4.3) (24.2†)

615 (19.9) (24.1†)

0.985

Laboratory findings

Hb (g/dL)

13.4 ± 1.9

12.2 ± 1.7

13.7 ± 1.8

<0.001

Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.92 ± 0.47

0.76 ± 0.35

0.96 ± 0.49

<0.001

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

68.5 ± 19.6

65.6 ± 20.8

69.1 ± 19.3

<0.001

UA (mg/dL)

6.1 ± 1.5

5.5 ± 1.7

6.2 ± 1.5

<0.001

 

6.1 [5.1, 7.0]

5.2 [4.4, 6.5]

6.2 [5.3, 7.1]

 

FBS (mg/dL)

121.3 ± 42.4

114.1 ± 32.9

122.9 ± 44.1

<0.001

HbA1c (%)

6.3 ± 1.0

6.1 ± 0.9

6.3 ± 1.0

0.002

TG (mg/dL)

123.4 ± 94.1

105.0 ± 52.5

127.4 ± 100.3

<0.001

HDL-C (mg/dL)

51.7 ± 15.3

58.8 ± 16.6

50.2 ± 14.5

<0.001

LDL-C (mg/dL)

101.6 ± 30.4

107.8 ± 32.0

100.2 ± 29.9

<0.001

LDL-C/HDL-C

2.1 ± 0.8

2.0 ± 0.8

2.1 ± 0.8

<0.001

CRP (mg/dL)

0.46 ± 1.36

0.48 ± 1.47

0.46 ± 1.34

0.722

BNP (ng/L)

122.5 ± 261.1

181.9 ± 351.9

109.7 ± 235.2

<0.001

 

43.2 [16.7, 123.3]

70.0 [26.3, 192.6]

38.6 [15.2, 111.0]

 

Left ventricular hemodynamic parameter

LVEF (%)

56.9 ± 11.8

59.0 ± 11.7

56.4 ± 11.8

<0.001

Underlying cardiovascular disease

Ischemic heart disease

2591 (84.2)

375 (12.2) (69.2†)

2216 (72.0) (87.4†)

<0.001

Acute coronary syndrome

444 (14.4)

69 (2.2) (12.7†)

375 (12.2) (14.8†)

0.215

Angina pectoris

2154 (70.0)

287 (9.3) (53.0†)

1867 (60.7) (73.6†)

<0.001

Cardiomyopathy

236 (7.7)

62 (2.0) (11.4†)

174 (5.7) (6.9†)

<0.001

Valvular disease

220 (7.1)

77 (2.5) (14.2†)

143 (4.6) (5.6†)

<0.001

Arrhythmia

416 (13.5)

80 (2.7) (14.8†)

336 (10.9) (13.3†)

0.352

Atrial fibrillation

190 (6.2)

38 (1.3) (7.0†)

152 (4.9) (6.0†)

0.327

Other than AF

226 (7.3)

42 (1.4) (7.7†)

184 (6.0) (7.3†)

0.691

Other clinical diagnosis

Hypertension

2279 (74.1)

373 (12.1) (68.8†)

1906 (61.9) (75.2†)

0.002

Type-2 diabetes mellitus

1212 (39.4)

175 (5.7) (32.3†)

1037 (33.7) (40.9†)

<0.001

Dyslipidemia

2221 (72.2)

368 (12.0) (67.9†)

1853 (60.2) (73.1†)

0.014

Medication

Antiplatelet agents

2153 (70.0)

299 (9.7) (55.2†)

1854 (60.3) (73.1†)

<0.001

Anticoagulant agents

407 (13.2)

79 (2.6) (14.6†)

328 (10.7) (12.9†)

0.307

ACE inhibitors

597 (19.4)

82 (2.7) (15.1†)

515 (16.7) (20.3†)

0.006

ARBs

1201 (39.0)

202 (6.6) (37.3†)

999 (32.5) (39.4†)

0.354

Beta blockers

1235 (40.1)

187 (6.1) (34.5†)

1048 (34.1) (41.3†)

0.003

Calcium channel blockers

1626 (52.8)

270 (8.8) (49.8†)

1356 (44.1) (53.5†)

0.120

Diuretics

633 (20.6)

144 (4.7) (26.6†)

489 (15.9) (19.3†)

<0.001

Anti-hyperuricemia

501 (16.3)

35 (1.1) (6.5†)

466 (15.1) (18.4†)

<0.001

Statins

1794 (58.3)

291 (9.5) (53.7†)

1503 (48.8) (59.3†)

0.016

Other than statins

349 (11.3)

65 (2.1) (12.0†)

284 (9.2) (11.2†)

0.599

Oral antidiabetic agents

839 (27.3)

120 (3.9) (22.1†)

719 (23.4) (28.4†)

0.003

Insulin

276 (9.0)

50 (1.6) (9.2†)

236 (7.3) (8.9†)

0.819

  1. Hb, hemoglobin; UA, uric acid; FBS, fasting blood sugar; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARBs, angiotensin II type I-receptor blockers; BMI, body mass index; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; CRP, C-reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IHD, ischemic heart disease; and LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction. †, the percentage of each sub-group of patients. The significant difference comparisons between female group and male group were described using P value.
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