Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Ionization injection of highly-charged copper ions for laser driven acceleration from ultra-thin foils

Figure 4

Snapshots of the longitudinal electric field (Ex > 0 only) and Cu+25 ions taken at t = 0.5 fs for a target whose initial thickness was 20 nm. Here t = 0 fs corresponds to the time when the pulse peak reaches the target front surface. The black and blue curves are the contours of the electron density averaged over one laser period. The field is normalized to E0 = 8.6 × 1013 V/m, which is the peak laser electric field at the focal spot when the target is not present.

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