Table 5 Association of haplogroup H and UK with DR in type 2 diabetes: binary logistic regression adjusting for gender, age, diabetes duration and HbA1c.

From: Mitochondrial haplogroups are not associated with diabetic retinopathy in a large Australian and British Caucasian sample

OR, 95% CI, P value

No DR vs Any DR

No DR vs NPDR

No DR vs PDR

No DR vs DME

No DR vs CSME

No DR vs sight threatening

NPDR vs PDR

Haplogroup H – Type 2 Diabetes

Haplogroup H

1.03 (0.83–1.28) P = 0.777

1.07 (0.85–1.34) P = 0.571

0.92 (0.66–1.27) P = 0.612

1.04 (0.80–1.34) P = 0.780

0.91 (0.69–1.21) P = 0.521

1.04 (0.81–1.32) P = 0.763

0.93 (0.69–1.23) P = 0.598

Sex (female)

0.75 (0.60–0.93) P = 0.008

0.76 (0.60–0.96) P = 0.019

0.70 (0.50–0.97) P = 0.033

0.87 (0.67–1.12) P = 0.270

0.87 (0.65–1.15) P = 0.328

0.79 (0.63–1.01) P = 0.064

0.95 (0.70–1.27) P = 0.711

Age

0.98 (0.97–0.99) P < 0.0001

0.99 (0.98–1.0) P = 0.016

0.96 (0.94–0.97) P < 0.0001

0.98 (0.97–0.99) P = 4.81 × 10−4

0.98 (0.97–0.99) P = 0.002

0.97 (0.96–0.99) P < 0.0001

0.97 (0.96–0.98) P < 0.0001

Diabetes duration

1.09 (1.08–1.11) P < 0.0001

1.08 (1.07–1.10) P < 0.0001

1.12 (1.10–1.15) P < 0.0001

1.10 (1.08–1.12) P < 0.0001

1.10 (1.08–1.12) P < 0.0001

1.11 (1.09–1.12) P < 0.0001

1.04 (1.02–1.06) P < 0.0001

HbA1c

1.37 (1.27–1.48) P < 0.0001

1.33 (1.22–1.44) P < 0.0001

1.50 (1.34–1.67) P < 0.0001

1.45 (1.32–1.58) P < 0.0001

1.44 (1.30–1.60) P < 0.0001

1.45 (1.33–1.58) P < 0.0001

1.15 (1.06–1.26) P = 0.001

Hypertension

0.96 (0.74–1.24) P = 0.742

0.94 (0.71–1.25) P = 0.681

0.96 (0.65–1.43) P = 0.846

0.77 (0.57–1.04) P = 0.092

1.06 (0.74–1.51) P = 0.758

0.83 (0.62–1.11) P = 0.208

1.01 (0.71–1.44) P = 0.943

Haplogroup UK – Type 2 Diabetes

Haplogroup UK

(0.77–1.29) P = 0.981

0.98 (0.74–1.29) P = 0.863

1.13 (0.76–1.67) P = 0.541

1.08 (0.80–1.46) P = 0.630

1.13 (0.81–1.59) P = 0.464

1.03 (0.77–1.38) P = 0.849

1.07 (0.75–1.51) P = 0.714

Sex (female)

0.75 (0.60–0.93) P = 0.008

0.76 (0.60–0.95) P = 0.018

0.70 (0.50–0.97) P = 0.034

0.87 (0.67–1.12) P = 0.267

0.87 (0.66–1.16) P = 0.348

0.79 (0.62–1.01) P = 0.063

0.95 (0.70–1.27) P = 0.712

Age

0.98 (0.97–0.99) P < 0.0001

0.99 (0.98–1.0) P = 0.016

0.96 (0.94–0.97) P < 0.0001

0.98 (0.97–0.99) P = 4.73 × 10−4

0.98 (0.97–0.99) P = 0.002

0.97 (0.96–0.99) P < 0.0001

0.97 (0.96–0.98) P < 0.0001

Diabetes duration

1.09 (1.08–1.11) P < 0.0001

1.08 (1.07–1.10) P < 0.0001

1.12 (1.10–1.15) P < 0.0001

1.10 (1.08–1.12) P < 0.0001

1.10 (1.08–1.12) P < 0.0001

1.11 (1.09–1.12) P < 0.0001

1.04 (1.02–1.06) P < 0.0001

HbA1c

1.37 (1.27–1.48) P < 0.0001

1.33 (1.22–1.44) P < 0.0001

1.50 (1.34–1.67) P < 0.0001

1.45 (1.32–1.58) P < 0.0001

1.44 (1.30–1.60) P < 0.0001

1.45 (1.33–1.58) P < 0.0001

1.15 (1.06–1.26) P = 0.001

Hypertension

0.96 (0.74–1.25) P = 0.746

0.95 (0.72–1.25) P = 0.695

0.96 (0.64–1.43) P = 0.839

0.77 (0.57–1.04) P = 0.091

1.05 (0.74–1.50) P = 0.772

0.83 (0.62–1.11) P = 0.207

1.01 (0.71–1.44) P = 0.953

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