Table 3 Comparison of mean meteorological values on the days a virus is detectable or undetectable.

From: Association between viral seasonality and meteorological factors

Agent/(Number of days tested)

Meteorological factors

Mean on days virus was

Difference in means

95% CI

p Value*

Detected

Not detected

Lower

Upper

Adenoviruses (2148)

Temperature (°C)

8.83

9.44

−0.61

−1.021

−0.199

0.004

Dew Point (°C)

5.70

6.28

−0.58

−0.971

−0.192

0.003

Relative Humidity (%)

81.67

81.53

0.15

−0.545

0.843

0.674

Humidity-range (%)

26.76

27.83

−1.07

−2.15

0.01

0.052

Rhinoviruses (1949)

Temperature (°C)

8.92

8.64

0.28

−0.324

0.883

0.365

Dew Point (°C)

5.78

5.55

0.23

−0.373

0.833

0.454

Relative Humidity (%)

81.56

81.86

−0.29

−1.291

0.706

0.565

Humidity-range (%)

26.91

27.30

−0.39

−2.012

1.239

0.640

RSV (2168)

Temperature (°C)

6.27

10.69

−4.42

−4.801

−4.035

<0.001

Dew Point (°C)

3.70

7.24

−3.55

−3.926

−3.172

<0.001

Relative Humidity

83.96

80.30

3.67

2.964

4.365

<0.001

Humidity-range (%)

21.79

30.40

−8.61

−9.672

−7.557

<0.001

IAV (2168)

Temperature (°C)

6.73

10.22

−3.50

−3.912

−3.079

<0.001

(%)Dew Point (°C)

3.94

6.93

−2.99

−3.384

−2.586

<0.001

Relative Humidity

82.93

80.99

1.94

1.203

2.666

<0.001

Humidity-range (%)

23.82

28.94

−5.11

−6.238

−3.985

<0.001

IBV (2168)

Temperature (°C)

6.28

9.67

−3.39

−3.951

−2.828

<0.001

Dew Point (°C)

3.26

6.52

3.26

−3.793

−2.726

<0.001

Relative Humidity (%)

81.70

81.67

0.03

−0.987

1.049

0.952

Humidity-range (%)

24.60

27.87

−3.27

−4.805

−1.743

<0.001

HPIV-1 (2142)

Temperature (°C)

9.03

9.14

−0.11

−0.659

0.442

0.698

Dew Point (°C)

6.08

5.97

0.11

−0.413

0.634

0.689

Relative Humidity (%)

82.55

81.42

1.13

0.173

2.089

0.021

Humidity-range (%)

25.85

27.56

−1.71

−3.197

−0.216

0.025

HPIV-2 (2142)

Temperature (°C)

8.22

9.19

−0.96

−1.824

−0.103

0.280

Dew Point (°C)

5.26

6.03

−0.78

−1.619

0.07

0.72

Relative Humidity (%)

82.21

81.56

0.65

−0.687

1.995

0.337

Humidity-range (%)

26.42

27.35

−0.93

−3.036

1.179

0.386

HPIV-3 (2142)

Temperature (°C)

9.36

9.05

0.32

−0.166

−0.796

0.199

Dew Point (°C)

5.86

6.02

−0.16

−0.617

0.298

0.495

Relative Humidity (%)

79.86

82.16

−2.30

−3.102

−1.498

<0.001

Humidity-range (%)

29.68

26.51

3.18

1.926

4.424

<0.001

HMPV (1959)

Temperature (°C)

7.42

9.56

−2.15

−2.601

−1.698

<0.001

Dew Point (°C)

4.35

6.42

−2.06

−2.493

−1.637

<0.001

Relative Humidity (%)

81.75

81.62

0.13

−0.665

0.925

0.748

Humidity-range (%)

25.81

27.44

−1.63

−2.833

−0.421

0.008

  1. CI: Confidence interval, p value from T test. Significant p values in bold. We measured the mean of each meteorological factor on days when we received positive samples for a given virus and on days where we did not receive a positive sample for that virus. Hence a larger difference in means denotes that a virus is commonly present at an extreme of that meteorological factor: e.g. RSV more often being present when temperature is lower.
Back to article page