Table 2 Phytotoxic activities of 1 and 3 on radicle and plumule growth of rice and lettuce seeds.

From: Determination of the absolute configurations of the stereogenic centers of ustilaginoidins by studying the biosynthetic monomers from a gene knockout mutant of Villosiclava virens

Compound

Concentration (µg/mL)

Inhibition ratio of radicle growth (%)a

Inhibition ratio of plumule growth (%)a

O. sativa var. Lijiang

O. sativa var. Zhonghua 11

L. sativa

O. sativa var. Lijiang

O. sativa var. Zhonghua 11

L. sativa

1

50

22.28 ± 1.03 h

7.62 ± 2.56 h

21.57 ± 2.12 h

9.28 ± 3.37 f

5.45 ± 1.16 e

6.94 ± 2.02 f

100

30.58 ± 1.80 g

33.89 ± 1.91 g

33.97 ± 2.57 f

10.95 ± 5.73 f

5.45 ± 2.57 e

13.65 ± 0.57 e

200

35.81 ± 0.66 f

43.81 ± 5.19 f

41.91 ± 3.35 e

14.40 ± 0.85 ef

10.41 ± 1.35 e

19.69 ± 2.01 d

400

52.20 ± 4.83 d

53.57 ± 1.68 e

100.00 ± 0.00 a

14.43 ± 1.54 ef

11.59 ± 0.71 e

100.00 ± 0.00 a

3

50

21.88 ± 0.76 h

51.43 ± 1.35 e

11.47 ± 2.24 j

19.56 ± 5.72 de

21.82 ± 5.14 d

4.88 ± 0.12 f

100

27.26 ± 2.29 g

55.71 ± 2.02 e

15.82 ± 2.96 i

22.32 ± 0.14 de

34.09 ± 3.21 c

14.44 ± 2.29 e

200

46.12 ± 1.52 e

62.70 ± 1.12 d

27.26 ± 2.00 g

23.37 ± 6.23 d

35.00 ± 4.50 c

20.53 ± 2.70 d

400

49.35 ± 1.52 de

75.24 ± 4.04 c

100.00 ± 0.00 a

24.40 ± 2.81 d

35.91 ± 5.79 c

100.00 ± 0.00 a

Glyphosate (positive control)

50

88.47 ± 1.11 c

89.19 ± 0.13 b

75.92 ± 2.80 d

47.15 ± 3.33 c

57.14 ± 3.67 b

18.51 ± 0.77 d

100

93.45 ± 0.32 b

89.50 ± 0.98 b

77.41 ± 3.59 cd

59.29 ± 0.33 b

59.09 ± 2.57 b

27.63 ± 0.95 c

200

97.03 ± 3.03 ab

95.43 ± 1.14 a

80.23 ± 1.77 bc

60.73 ± 1.33 a

63.64 ± 1.29 ab

28.80 ± 2.43 c

400

98.64 ± 0.36 a

98.07 ± 0.17 a

82.97 ± 1.53 b

70.73 ± 1.33 a

68.18 ± 2.57 a

56.81 ± 3.65 b

  1. aThe values were expressed as means ± SD (n = 3). Different letters indicated significant differences among treatments in each column at p ≤ 0.05.