Figure 4
From: Study of Optical Configurations for Multiple Enhancement of Microalgal Biomass Production

Comparative study for various cultivation systems. (a) Calculated areal biomass productivities of V-shaped cultivators (θv = 30°, 60°, and 90°, denoted by V30, V60, and V90, respectively) and planar (P) or tubular (T10 for diameter of 10 cm and T4 for diameter of 4 cm) cultivators horizontally or vertically installed on the ground as a function of the incident angle on the cross-sectional plane. (b) Photosynthesis rate (PR) profiles inside the systems in (a) with the same scale bar, at the incident angle of 0° for the horizontally installed systems and 30° for the vertically installed systems as represented by the arrows.