Table 1 Chinese characters, corresponding configurations of character, and pixel ratios of character image.

From: Legibility Assessment of Visual Word Form Symbols for Visual Tests

A

B

C

D

E

Configurations

single

left-right

surrounding

top-down

left-right

Symbol

Ratio

Symbol

Ratio

Symbol

Ratio

Symbol

Ratio

Symbol

Ratio

大da

18.8

代dai*

24.0

ē”°tian*

27.8

吉ji

24.7

ę±€ting*

18.0

å¤Ŗtai

20.6

什she*

20.2

ē”±you*

27.1

古gu

22.0

걁zhi*

17.7

天tian

21.9

仃ding*

20.2

ē”²jia*

24.9

右you*

23.6

ę±—han*

20.7

äøˆjang*

19.8

化hua*

22.3

ē”³shen*

24.4

台tai*

23.7

ę±™wu

21.0

ꖇwen*

21.0

件jian*

26.2

ę—¦dan

23.5

占zhan

20.5

ę±Ÿjiang

20.3

又you*

19.0

仁ren*

17.2

ę—±han*

27.4

ā€”

ę²mu*

25.6

八ba*

14.0

仕shi

24.0

ę—©zao*

25.6

ā€”

ę±Ŗwang

23.5

äŗŗren*

13.8

仟qian

23.2

ę›²qu*

33.0

ā€”

ā€”

夫fu*

23.0

付fu*

24.1

ē›®mu

24.2

ā€”

ā€”

夭yao

21.0

ä»»ren

26.6

里li*

32.0

ā€”

ā€”

ā€”

ā€”

č²bei

26.9

ā€”

ā€”

  1. Note: Characters in each set (A to E) were similar in structure and configuration. Pixel ratios, contrast threshold, and patterns of confusion matrices were used in legibility assessment. Only characters without any mark and in bold were selected.
  2. *Characters excluded based on the criteria of character selection.
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