Table 3 Mortality of females and males of Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) with essential oils of Vanillosmopsis arborea and its α-bisabolol component at concentrations of 1.2, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4, 2.8, 5.6, 8.4, and 11.2 μL L−1 of air corrected by Abbott’s formula41.

From: Insecticidal activity of Vanillosmopsis arborea essential oil and of its major constituent α-bisabolol against Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Concentration (µL L−1)

Female

Male

Essential oil

α-Bisabolol

Essential oil

α-Bisabolol

Number of dead insects

E (%)

Number of dead insects

E (%)

Number of dead insects

E (%)

Number of dead insects

E (%)

1.2

2.00 a

12.5

2.00 a

12.5

3.25 a

15.3

3.25 a

15.3

1.6

2.25 a

22.2

2.25 a

22.2

3.50 a

21.4

4.50 a

38.8

2.0

2.50 b

30.00

3.25 a

46.1

3.25 b

15.3

7.50 a

63.3

2.4

2.75 b

36.3

5.25 a

66.6

3.50 b

21.4

10.25 a

73.1

2.8

3.25 b

46.1

6.50 a

73.00

4.75 b

42.1

10.00 a

72.5

5.6

5.75 a

69.5

6.00 a

70.0

7.75 b

64.5

11.50 a

76.00

8.4

7.50 a

76.6

7.75 a

77.4

9.75 a

71.7

10.50 a

73.8

11.2

8.75 a

80.0

7.75 a

77.4

10.00 b

72.5

12.25 a

77.5

  1. Means followed by the same letter per line (for female and male separately) do not differ to a 5% probability by the Tukey test; E (%) = Efficiency of mortality corrected by Abbott’s formula41.
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