Figure 2

Hard particle squeezes the soft fracture and mechanical analysis. (a) Hard particle squeezed by the soft rock from the two sides, which is shown in Fig. 1d. (b) Pressure on hard particle from the soft rock. (c) After rotating b, the top rock side is horizontal. (d) Pressure and force on round surface profiled the ball by horizontal section. (e) Pressure and force on ring belt’ on ball, the black shaded area is the ring belt on ball. h is the fissure width.