Table 3 Gene markers for glutamine and glutamate metabolism.

ASNS

Asparagine Synthetase

asparagine biosynthetic process

ALDH18A1

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 18 Family Member A1

proline biosynthetic process

CAD

Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthetase 2, Aspartate Transcarbamylase, And Dihydroorotase

‘de novo’ pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process

CS

Citrate Synthase

tricarboxylic acid cycle

CTPS

CTP Synthase 1

‘de novo’ CTP biosynthetic process

CTPS2

CTP Synthase 2

‘de novo’ CTP biosynthetic process

DLD

Dermcidin

2-oxoglutarate metabolic process

DLST

Dihydrolipoamide S-Succinyltransferase

tricarboxylic acid cycle

GFPT1

Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase 1

UDP-N-acetylglucosamine biosynthetic process

GFPT2

Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase 2

UDP-N-acetylglucosamine biosynthetic process

GLUL

Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase

glutamine biosynthetic process

GLS

Glutaminase

glutamate biosynthetic process

GLS2

Glutaminase 2

glutamate biosynthetic process

OGDH

Oxoglutarate Dehydrogenase

tricarboxylic acid cycle

GGDHL

Oxoglutarate Dehydrogenase-like

tricarboxylic acid cycle

PFAS

Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine Synthase

‘de novo’ IMP biosynthetic process

PPAT

Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate Amidotransferase

‘de novo’ IMP biosynthetic process

PSAT1

Phosphoserine Aminotransferase 1

‘de novo’ IMP biosynthetic process

GCLC

Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Catalytic Subunit

glutathione biosynthetic process

GCLM

Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Modifier Subunit

glutathione biosynthetic process

GSS

Glutathione Synthetase

glutathione biosynthetic process