Table 2 Prediction models for disease progression in AMD using demographic characteristics and clinical grading stage, drusen coverage at baseline and genetic risk score (GRS) as model predictors, as analyzed with multinomial logistic regression.

From: Genetic risk score has added value over initial clinical grading stage in predicting disease progression in age-related macular degeneration

Model

Model predictors

Nagelkerke R2

Cox and Snell R2

McFadden R2

AIC

Model A

Age, sex, smoking history, BMI, non-advanced AMD stage

0.39

0.34

0.20

270.3

Model B

Age, sex, smoking history, BMI, non-advanced AMD stage, drusen coverage at baseline

0.46

0.40

0.25

262.7

Model C

Age, sex, smoking history, BMI, non-advanced AMD stage, minimal GRS (5 major AMD variants)

0.48

0.42

0.27

258.0

Model D

Age, sex, smoking history, BMI, non-advanced AMD stage, maximal GRS (52 AMD variants)

0.52

0.45

0.29

249.6

Model E

Age, sex, smoking history, BMI, non-advanced AMD stage, drusen coverage at baseline, major GRS (52 AMD variants)

0.56

0.49

0.33

241.9

  1. The non-advanced AMD stage is subdivided into early AMD and intermediate AMD, as graded with the AREDS basic clinical classification scale. The drusen coverage at baseline is the percentage of drusen in the ETDRS grid in the worst eye at baseline, as determined by drusen detection software with the RetCAD. The minimal GRS includes the five major genetic AMD variants in CFH (rs10922109 and rs570618), CFB (rs116503776) ARMS2/HTRA1 (rs3750846) and C3 (rs2230199), whereas the maximal GRS includes 52 AMD-associated variants.
  2. AIC Akaike information criterion; AREDS Age-Related Eye Disease Study; AMD Age related Macular Degeneration; BMI Body Mass Index; GRS Genetic Risk Score; RetCAD Retina computer-aided detection system.
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