Figure 4

(A) Transmural distribution of growth-induced residual stress components in a bi-layered aorta when the inner layer grows with different growth factors \({J}_{g}^{in}=1,1.5,2\), in the presence of an initial residual stress found in an aged human aorta^1,2, with magnitudes \(\alpha =1\) and \(\alpha =2\); (B) Changes in radii and thicknesses of the bi-layered aorta with increasing inner layer growth and different initial residual stress magnitudes \(\alpha =1\) and \(\alpha =2\).