Table 1 Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory and Echocardiographic Parameters at Initial Visit to the Amyloidosis Center.
From: Predictors of Mortality in Light Chain Cardiac Amyloidosis with Heart Failure
Value (n = 165) | Median (IQR range) | Normal values | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 61.6 ± 9.5 | 61 (55–69) | |
Sex: Male (%)/Female (%) | 100 (61%)/65 (49%) | ||
Race: White (%) | 126 (76.4%) | ||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 112.0 ± 18.6 | 108.5 (101–122) | |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73.0 ± 9.9 | 72 (67–79) | |
Pulse rate, beats/min | 84.0 ± 15.2 | 83 (73–94) | |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 25.8 ± 4.6 | 25.5 (23.0–28.0) | |
Hypertension (%) | 37 (22.4%) | ||
Diabetes Mellitus (%) | 10 (6.0%) | ||
Coronary Artery Disease (%) | 29 (17.6%) | ||
Atrial Fibrillation (%) | 41 (24.8%) | ||
Lambda Light Chain (%) | 139 (84.2%) | ||
Kidney Involvement (%) | 60 (36.40%) | ||
NYHA Class | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 2.5 (2.0–3.0) | |
NYHA Class 3/4 | 80 (48.50%) | ||
ACC/AHA Stage C/D (%) | 165 (100%) | ||
QRS duration (ms) on EKG | 99.0 ± 24.5 | 93 (81–108) | |
Medication Use: | |||
Aldactone (%) | 37 (22.4%) | ||
Loop Diuretic (%) | 135 (81.2%) | ||
Metolazone (%) | 20 (12%) | ||
Beta Blocker (%) | 64 (38.8%) | ||
ACE-I/ARB (%) | 35 (21.2%) | ||
Anticoagulants (%) | 40 (24.2%) | ||
Laboratory Data: | |||
BNP (pg/mL) | 980.4 ± 1035.1 | 654 (301–1208) | 0–176 |
Troponin I (ng/mL) | 0.4 ± 0.9 | 0.146 (0.067–0.333) | 0–0.033 |
C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 7.6 ± 12.2 | 4.0 (1.0–9.5) | 0–5.0 |
Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 13.4 ± 1.7 | 13.4 (12.1–14.5) | 11.8–16.0 |
Sodium (mmol/L) | 138.5 ± 4.0 | 139 (137–141) | 135–145 |
MDRD eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 67.4 ± 25.5 | 66 (53–82) | >60 |
Uric Acid (mg/dl) | 7.8 ± 2.6 | 7.35 (5.73–9.45) | 2.4–6.0 |
Alkaline Phosphatase (U/L) | 137.3 ± 86.9 | 110 (82–166) | 25–100 |
Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 272.2 ± 76.3 | 259 (223.5–315.5) | 171–308 |
Free kappa light chains (mg/L) | 113.8 ± 372.8 | 11.2 (8.3–21.85) | 3.3–19.4 |
Free lambda light chains (mg/L) | 390.0 ± 500.4 | 243.0 (69.55–487.9) | 5.7–26.3 |
Free light chains kappa/lambda ratio | 11.24 ± 42.66 | 0.05 (0.02–0.18) | 0.26–1.65 |
dFLC (mg/L) | 478.1 ± 558.3 | 291.8 (119–552.6) | |
Echocardiographic parameters: | |||
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 49.8 ± 11.6 | 50 (40–60) | ≥50 |
Left atrium (mm) | 40.2 ± 6.2 | 40 (36–44) | |
Intraventricular septum (mm) | 14.9 ± 2.7 | 15 (13–16) | 6–10 |
Posterior wall thickness (mm) | 15.2 ± 3.0 | 15 (13–17) | 6–10 |
Left ventricular end systolic diameter (mm) | 30.0 ± 6.2 | 30.0 (26.5–34.0) | 21–40 |
Left ventricular end diastolic diameter (mm) | 40.0 ± 5.8 | 40 (36–44) | <57 |
Relative wall thickness | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.74 (0.63–0.89) | 0.22–0.42 |
Calculated LV mass (g) | 240.3 ± 75.7 | 223.7 (191.7–271.8) | 67–162 |
LV mass index (g/m2) | 129.2 ± 35.4 | 124.2 (107.5–145.5) | 50–115 |
