Table 1 Shows the laminar and turbulent shear stress contribution for both geometries in the tube-shear exfoliation system. The corrected values (corr.) are calculated with consideration of the flow difference between the numerical simulation and experimentally measured flows. The interlayer shear strength for graphite is in the range between 0.25 MPa to 0.14 GPa, where the upper range is for defect free single crystal graphite.

From: Effects of geometry on large-scale tube-shear exfoliation of graphite to multilayer graphene and nanographite in water

Laminar and turbulent shear stress contribution

 

S1

S2

Shear rate (laminar)

1.1 × 105 s−1

3.2 × 105 s−1

Shear stress (laminar)

4.6 × 101 Pa

1.4 × 102 Pa

Average wall shear stress (turbulent)

6.8 × 104 Pa

8.0 × 104 Pa

Local wall shear stress (turbulent)

2.7 × 106 Pa

3.5 × 106 Pa

Average wall shear stress, corr. (turbulent)

1.1 × 105 Pa

1.3 × 105 Pa

Local wall shear stress, corr. (turbulent)

4.4 × 106 Pa

5.7 × 106 Pa