Figure 9
Schematic overview of the pathways involved in the synthesis of fatty acids (FAs), phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids. The enzymes involved in catalyzing steps in lipid biosynthetic pathways are indicated in red. Enzyme abbreviations: ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; ACLY, ATP citrate lyase; ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; CS, ceramide synthase; Δ9-DES, Δ9-desaturase; DGAT, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase; FAS, fatty acid synthase; GPAT, glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase; LPAAT, lysophosphatidate acyltransferase; PAP, phosphatidate phosphohydrolase; ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species; SBK, Sphingoid base hydroxylase; SPHK, sphingosine-1-kinase; SPT, serine palmitol transferase. Metabolite abbreviations: α-KG, α-ketoglutarate; CDP-DAG, cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol; DAG, diacylglycerol; PA, phosphatidicacid; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PG, phosphatidylglycerol; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PS, phosphatidylserine; TAG, triacylglyceride.
