Table 4 Attributable Fraction in the population (AFp) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk factors with a variable combining obesity and comorbidities.
AFpa [%] (95% CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
total obese | non-obese comorbid | obese non-comorbid | obese comorbid | |
Comorbidities | ||||
Hypertensive disorders | 15.4 (14.5,16.4) | |||
Pre-existing diabetes | 15.0 (13.3,16.7) | |||
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) | 13.2 (12.6,13.8) | |||
Labor outcomes | ||||
Cesarean section | 3.8 (3.6,3.9) | 2.4 (2.3,2.6) | 2.9 (2.7,3.0) | 1.3 (1.2,1.4) |
Epidural anesthesia | 0.6 (0.5,0.8) | 0.2 (0.1,0.4) | 0.6 (0.4,0.7) | 0.1 (0.0,0.1) |
Failure to progress in labor | 1.1 (0.8,1.4) | −1.5 (−1.7,−1.2) | 1.2 (0.9,1.5) | −0.2 (−0.3,−0.1) |
Fetal heart rate anomaly | 0.7 (0.6,0.9) | 0.4 (0.3,0.6) | 0.7 (0.6,0.9) | 0.0 (0.0,0.1) |
Induction of labor | 4.5 (4.2,4.7) | 6.1 (5.9,6.4) | 3.0 (2.8,3.2) | 2.4 (2.3,2.6) |
Instrumental vaginal delivery‡ | 0.4 (0.1,0.7) | 0.1 (−0.1,0.4) | 0.4 (0.1,0.6) | 0.0 (0.0,0.2) |
Prolonged labor | 0.8 (0.5,1.2) | −0.5 (−0.8,−0.3) | 0.8 (0.5,1.1) | 0.0 (−0.2,0.1) |
Shoulder dystocia | 4.8 (3.2,6.2) | 4.3 (2.9,5.8) | 2.9 (1.6,4.3) | 2.7 (1.7,3.8) |
Neonatal outcomes | ||||
5′ Apgar score ≤7 | 1.2 (0.7,1.6) | 2.4 (2.0,2.8) | 0.5 (0.1,0.8) | 0.9 (0.7,1.2) |
Early neonatal death | 1.0 (−0.2,2.4) | 1.8 (0.2,3.3) | −0.4 (−1.7,0.9) | 1.1 (0.2,1.9) |
Fracture of the clavicle | 4.3 (1.8,7.4) | 0.4 (−2.1,2.8) | 3.6 (0.8,6.3) | 0.7 (−0.8,2.2) |
Intensive care unit admission | 1.6 (1.2,2.0) | 5.9 (5.4,6.5) | 0.5 (0.0,0.9) | 1.7 (1.4,2.0) |
Macrosomia | 6.3 (5.9,6.7) | 0.6 (0.3,1.0) | 5.2 (4.8,5.5) | 1.3 (1.1,1.5) |
Neonatal hypoglycemia (<2 mmol/L) | 4.5 (3.1,5.7) | 16.8 (15.0,18.6) | 1.4 (0.2,2.6) | 5.4 (4.3,6.5) |
Preterm birth (<37 weeks of gestation) | 0.0 (−0.4,0.3) | 7.7 (7.2,8.2) | −1.1 (−1.4,−0.7) | 1.6 (1.3,1.8) |
Respiratory distress of newborn | 2.4 (1.9,2.8) | 4.6 (4.2,5.2) | 1.3 (0.8,1.7) | 1.6 (1.3,1.9) |
