Table 3 Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to determine predictors of OS.

Variable	Univariable Analysis			Multivariable Analysis
Variable	HR	95% CI	p value	aHR	95% CI	p value
Histology (Ref: IDC alone):
IDC + DCIS	0.74	0.73–0.75	<0.001	0.91	0.89–0.92	<0.001
Age (Ref: <60):
≥60	2.29	2.25–2.33	<0.001	2.14	2.10–2.18	<0.001
Race (Ref: White):
Non-White	1.07	1.05–1.09	<0.001	0.97	0.95–0.98	<0.001
Charlson-Deyo Score (Ref: 0):
≥1	2.15	2.11–2.19	<0.001	1.71	1.68–1.74	<0.001
T Stage (Ref: T1):
T2	2.00	1.96–2.03	<0.001	1.86	1.83–1.90	<0.001
T3	3.10	3.01–3.20	<0.001	2.93	2.83–3.03	<0.001
T4	5.17	5.00–5.34	<0.001	3.92	3.77–4.07	<0.001
N Stage (Ref: N0):
N1	1.84	1.81–1.88	<0.001	1.67	1.63–1.71	<0.001
N2	2.82	2.73–2.92	<0.001	2.29	2.20–2.37	<0.001
N3	4.06	3.87–4.25	<0.001	3.10	2.95–3.26	<0.001
ER Status (Ref: Positive):
Negative	1.89	1.86–1.92	<0.001	1.11	1.07–1.14	<0.001
PR Status(Ref: Positive):
Negative	1.82	1.79–1.85	<0.001	1.26	1.22–1.29	<0.001
Her2 Status (Ref: Negative):
Positive	0.96	0.92–1.00	0.053	0.82	0.79–0.85	<0.001
Unknown	1.09	1.07–1.10	<0.001	1.00	0.98- 1.02	0.846
Surgery Type (Ref: Partial Mastectomy):
Mastectomy	1.75	1.73–1.78	<0.001	0.92	0.90–0.94	<0.001
Radiation Therapy (Ref: No):
Yes	0.52	0.51–0.53	<0.001	0.57	0.56–0.59	<0.001
Chemotherapy (Ref: No):
Yes	0.84	0.83–0.86	<0.001	0.53	0.52–0.54	<0.001
Hormone Therapy (Ref: No):
Yes	0.51	0.50–0.52	<0.001	0.73	0.71–0.75	<0.001
Tumor Grade (Ref: Intermediate):
Low	0.75	0.73–0.77	<0.001	0.81	0.79–0.84	<0.001
High	1.64	1.61–1.67	<0.001	1.36	1.34–1.39	<0.001

Abbreviations: aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; ALND, axillary lymph node dissection; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; IDC, invasive ductal carcinoma; IDC + DCIS, invasive ductal carcinoma with ductal carcinoma in situ; OS, overall survival.

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