Table 1 The abundance (ind.m⁻²) of macrofauna belonging to different traits and trait combinations within different rice growing system biotopes.

From: Mechanisms of soil macrofauna community sustainability in temperate rice-growing systems

Trait/trait combinations	Rice paddy	Upland crop field	Bund	Control
Total abundance	135.6 ± 52.9^**	1135.5 ± 193.2^ns	1592.3 ± 306.7^ns	1315.7 ± 243.8
Phytophages	18.9 ± 8.1^**	293.4 ± 147.2^ns	501.6 ± 161.7^ns	507.4 ± 144.1
Predators	46 ± 12.6^**	437.2 ± 108.3^ns	492.7 ± 143.9^ns	436.3 ± 106.7
Saprophages	69.6 ± 40^*	286.2 ± 82.8^ns	490 ± 190^ns	316.7 ± 142.3
Unknown trophic position	1.2 ± 1.2	118.7 ± 46.1	107.9 ± 31.8	55.2 ± 16.8
Aboveground	53.1 ± 20.3^**	579 ± 169.7^ns	1095.2 ± 272.4^ns	1038.2 ± 231.6
Belowground	82.6 ± 45.4^*	454.1 ± 97.6^*	391.8 ± 124.4^ns	225.4 ± 35.3
Mobile	130.9 ± 52^**	1003.7 ± 172.9^ns	1059.8 ± 219.5^ns	953.3 ± 186
Resident	4.7 ± 3.6^*	29.5 ± 10.6^*	427.2 ± 171.3^ns	310.4 ± 166.4
Aboveground-Mobile	48.4 ± 17.1^**	557.8 ± 171.4^ns	707.7 ± 163.1^ns	768.6 ± 172.6
Aboveground-Resident	4.7 ± 3.6^ns	21.2 ± 10.5^ns	386.6 ± 173.1^ns	267.5 ± 166.4
Belowgound-Mobile	82.6 ± 45.4^*	445.9 ± 96.2^*	352.1 ± 122.4^ns	184.7 ± 35.1
Belowgound-Resident	0^*	8.3 ± 4.2^*	39.7 ± 11.1^ns	40.7 ± 9.9
Aboveground Phytophages	13 ± 7^**	197.8 ± 140.2^*	307 ± 87.8^ns	428.9 ± 136.4
Belowground Phytophages	5.9 ± 5.9^*	95.5 ± 40.3^ns	194.6 ± 91.6^ns	78.6 ± 20.3
Mobile Phytophages	17.7 ± 8.1^**	290.5 ± 147.4^ns	483 ± 160.8^ns	498.9 ± 145.1
Resident Phytophages	1.2 ± 1.2^ns	2.9 ± 1.5^ns	18.6 ± 8^ns	8.5 ± 5.4
Aboveground-Mobile Phytophages	11.8 ± 7^**	194.9 ± 140.6^*	288.4 ± 85.3^ns	418.3 ± 136.8
Aboveground-Resident Phytophages	1.2 ± 1.2^ns	2.9 ± 1.5^ns	18.6 ± 8^ns	8.5 ± 5.4
Belowground-Mobile Phytophages	5.9 ± 5.9^*	95.5 ± 40.3^ns	194.6 ± 91.6^ns	78.6 ± 20.3
Aboveground Predators	33 ± 12.3^*	308.8 ± 65.8^ns	402.5 ± 149.8^ns	337.6 ± 98.4
Belowground Predators	13 ± 5.5^**	128.4 ± 75.7^ns	90.2 ± 18.8^ns	98.7 ± 21.8
Mobile Predators	46 ± 12.6^*	429.5 ± 103.1^ns	433.5 ± 146.2^ns	367.3 ± 98.1
Resident Predators	0^*	7.7 ± 6.7^*	59.3 ± 14.9^ns	69 ± 29.7
Aboveground-Mobile Predators	33 ± 12.3^*	301.1 ± 65^ns	371.5 ± 147.4^ns	293 ± 87.7
Aboveground-Resident Predators	0^*	7.7 ± 6.7^ns	31 ± 12.8^ns	44.6 ± 27.4
Belowground-Mobile Predators	13 ± 5.5^*	128.4 ± 75.7^ns	61.9 ± 18.2^ns	74.3 ± 22.8
Belowground-Resident Predators	0^*	0^*	28.3 ± 11.6^ns	24.4 ± 9.4
Aboveground Saprophages	7.1 ± 4.7^*	72.4 ± 32.4^ns	384.8 ± 184.4^ns	270.7 ± 145.8
Belowground Saprophages	62.5 ± 41^ns	213.8 ± 90^ns	105.2 ± 44.9^ns	46 ± 11.7
Mobile Saprophages	66.1 ± 40.5^ns	267.3 ± 82.7^ns	140.7 ± 58.1^ns	83.9 ± 15.4
Resident Saprophages	3.5 ± 3.5^*	18.9 ± 8.6^ns	349.4 ± 163.5^ns	232.9 ± 132.9
Aboveground-Mobile Saprophages	3.5 ± 1.8^*	61.8 ± 31.9^ns	46.9 ± 28.7^ns	54.1 ± 18.4
Aboveground-Resident Saprophages	3.5 ± 3.5^ns	10.6 ± 8.6^ns	337.9 ± 160.3^ns	216.6 ± 134.4
Belowground-Mobile Saprophages	62.5 ± 41^ns	205.6 ± 87.5^ns	93.8 ± 45.2^ns	29.7 ± 6.3
Belowground-Resident Saprophages	0^ns	8.3 ± 4.2^ns	11.4 ± 5.3^ns	16.3 ± 8.0

Statistical differences based on Kruskall-Wallis test of macrofauna abundance collected within following biotope pairs: control site vs. rice paddy; control site vs. upland crop field; control site vs. bund are shown in the table according to the following: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.001; ns – not significant. Comparisons were recognized significant at the p-level < 0.05. The “unknown trophic position” group was excluded from all of the statistical analyses of comparisons.

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Table 1 The abundance (ind.m⁻²) of macrofauna belonging to different traits and trait combinations within different rice growing system biotopes.

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