Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants.
From: Serum amino acid concentrations and clinical outcomes in smokers: SPIROMICS metabolomics study
All participants (n = 157)* | No exacerbation (n = 109) | ≥1 exacerbation (n = 29) | p-value** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Age | 53.7 (4.8) | 53.7 (4.8) | 54.4 (4.5) | 0.50 |
Female | 79 (50.3%) | 52 (47.7%) | 18 (62.1%) | 0.17 |
Smoking history | ||||
Smoking pack-years | 45.8 (35.1) | 45.2 (39.5) | 50.3 (25.6) | 0.40 |
Current smoking | 88 (56.8%) | 59 (55.1%) | 17 (58.6%) | 0.74 |
Pulmonary parameters | ||||
FEV1/FVC < 0.7 | 91 (58.0%) | 58 (53.2%) | 26 (89.7%) | 0.0004 |
GOLD spirometry grade 1–2 | 62 (39.5%) | 45 (41.3%) | 14 (48.3%) | 0.50 |
GOLD spirometry grade 3–4 | 29 (18.5%) | 13 (11.9%) | 12 (41.4%) | 0.0003 |
6MWD (m) | 445.0 (138.5) | 460.6 (136.1) | 403.1 (153.1) | 0.051 |
% emphysema on CT | 5.2 (9.0) | 3.8 (6.7) | 9.2 (12.7) | 0.04 |
Exacerbation predictors | ||||
FEV1% predicted | 78.7 (27.4) | 83.1 (24.9) | 57.8 (23.2) | <0.0001 |
≥1 exacerbation during previous year | 30 (19.1%) | 16 (14.7%) | 14 (48.3%) | 0.0001 |
SGRQ score | 35.0 (22.2) | 30.0 (20.4) | 57.3 (13.1) | <0.0001 |
WBC count (thousands) | 7.7 (2.5) | 7.6 (2.4) | 8.6 (3.0) | 0.07 |
GERD | 55 (35.0%) | 39 (35.8%) | 16 (55.2%) | 0.07 |
Medication use | ||||
Inhaled corticosteroids | 47 (30.5%) | 25 (23.4%) | 18 (62.1%) | <0.0001 |
Oral corticosteroids | 2 (1.3%) | 1 (0.9%) | 1 (3.4%) | 0.32 |
Metabolic parameters | ||||
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.7 (4.9) | 27.9 (5.0) | 28.1 (4.6) | 0.79 |
Diabetes mellitus | 11 (7.1%) | 5 (4.7%) | 5 (17.2%) | 0.02 |
