Table 3 The effect of GPAs on the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in NSAID users.

From: Effectiveness of acid suppressants and other mucoprotective agents in reducing the risk of occult gastrointestinal bleeding in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users

 

Multivariable analysis

HR

95% CI

P value

Concomitant GPA use versus non-use

None

1.00

Reference

 

PPI

0.30

0.20-0.44

<0.001

H2RA

0.35

0.29-0.43

<0.001

Misoprostol

0.47

0.23-0.95

0.035

Rebamipide

0.43

0.35-0.51

<0.001

Eupatilin

0.98

0.86-1.12

0.74

GPA use versus PPI co-therapy

PPI

1.00

Reference

 

H2RA

1.19

0.79-1.79

0.409

Misoprostol

1.58

0.72-3.46

0.257

Rebamipide

1.44

0.96-2.16

0.078

Eupatilin

3.25

2.21-4.77

<0.001

  1. The analysis adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, creatinine level, and co-morbidities (hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease).
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