Table 3 Frequency of developing clinical events and results of uni and multivariate analysis for recurrent stroke according to IABD.

From: Inter-arm Blood Pressure Difference is Associated with Recurrent Stroke in Non-cardioembolic Stroke Patients

 

Frequency of recurrent stroke

Univariate HR (95% CI)

Multivariatea HR (95% CI)

Increased IABD group

Reference group

IASBD

  ≥10 mmHg vs. reference (<10 mmHg)

17.5% (21/120)

7.5% (84/1106)

2.26 (1.40–3.65)*

1.77 (1.04–3.00)*

  ≥15 mmHg vs. reference (<15 mmHg)

23.8% (15/63)

7.7% (90/1163)

3.20 (1.85–5.54)*

1.92 (1.03–3.58)*

  Absolute difference, mmHg (continuous variable)

N/A

N/A

1.06 (1.03–1.08)*

1.04 (1.02–1.07)*

IADBD

  ≥10 mmHg vs. reference (<10 mmHg)

24.2% (15/62)

7.7% (90/1164)

4.06 (2.35–7.04)*

2.92 (1.59–5.34)*

  ≥15 mmHg vs. reference (<15 mmHg)

38.1% (8/21)

8.0% (97/1205)

6.09 (2.95–12.57)*

3.61 (1.63–7.99)*

  Absolute difference, mmHg (continuous variable)

N/A

N/A

1.12 (1.08–1.17)*

1.10 (1.05–1.15)*

  IASBD and IADBD ≥10 mmHg vs. reference (<10 mmHg)

28.2% (11/39)

7.9% (94/1187)

4.40 (2.35–8.22)*

3.02 (1.54–5.91)*

  1. Cox proportional hazards regression were used for uni- and multivariate analysis.
  2. Data are shown as percent (number of case/numbers of total patients for each group) or hazard ratio (95% confidence interval).
  3. *p < 0.05.
  4. HR: hazard ratio, CI: confidence interval, IABD: inter-arm blood pressure difference, IASBD: inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference, IADBD: inter-arm diastolic blood pressure difference, N/A: not applicable.
  5. a: adjusted for sex, age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, coronary artery disease, metabolic syndrome, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, stroke subtype, cerebral atherosclerosis, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, and high-grade white matter hyperintensities.
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