Table 1 Patient clinical parameters, aggregated based on genomic analysis of infecting bacteria.
| Â | Non-ST131 (137 strains, set A) | ST131 (36 strains, set B) | SEA-C2 clone (16 strains, set C) | ST131, not SEA-C2 (20 strains, set D) | All strains (173 strains) | P value (A vs B) | P-value (C vs D) | P-value (A vs D) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Percentage | Number | Percentage | Number | Percentage | Number | Percentage | ||||||
Demographics | |||||||||||||
Age (years, median) | 70 | (1–96) | 67.5 | (0.25–91) | 71 | (53–91) | 66.5 | (1–96) | 69 | (0.25–96) | 0.676 | 0.213 | 0.717 |
Gender (male) | 64 | 46.72% | 13 | 36.11% | 6 | 37.50% | 7 | 35.00% | 77 | 44.51% | 0.266 | 1.000 | 0.349 |
Comorbidities | |||||||||||||
Charlson’s comorbidity score | 5 | (0–13) | 6 | (0–12) | 5.5 | (1–10) | 6 | (0–12) | 5 | (0–13) | 0.187 | 0.979 | 0.339 |
Diabetes | 67 | 48.91% | 15 | 41.67% | 8 | 50.00% | 7 | 35.00% | 82 | 47.40% | 0.460 | 0.500 | 0.338 |
Renal disease | 30 | 21.90% | 8 | 22.22% | 4 | 25.00% | 4 | 20.00% | 38 | 21.97% | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Solid tumor | 26 | 18.98% | 9 | 25.00% | 3 | 18.75% | 6 | 30.00% | 35 | 20.23% | 0.485 | 0.700 | 0.247 |
Cerebral vascular disease | 23 | 16.79% | 5 | 13.89% | 1 | 6.25% | 4 | 20.00% | 28 | 16.18% | 0.803 | 0.355 | 0.752 |
Acute myocardial infarction | 15 | 10.95% | 5 | 13.89% | 2 | 12.50% | 3 | 15.00% | 20 | 11.56% | 0.571 | 1.000 | 0.705 |
APACHE 2 (median, range) | 18 | (2–58) | 16 | (6–34) | 15 | (11–33) | 18 | (6–34) | 18 | (2–58) | 0.460 | 0.620 | 0.778 |
Source of infection | |||||||||||||
Community | 73 | 53.28% | 8 | 22.22% | 1 | 6.25% | 7 | 35.00% | 81 | 46.82% | 0.001* | 0.053 | 0.154 |
Healthcare associated | 64 | 46.72% | 28 | 77.78% | 15 | 93.75% | 13 | 65.00% | 92 | 53.18% | |||
Source of bacteraemia | |||||||||||||
Urinary | 61 | 44.53% | 18 | 50.00% | 8 | 50.00% | 10 | 50.00% | 79 | 45.66% | 0.578 | 1.000 | 0.811 |
Unknown (Primary) | 35 | 25.55% | 9 | 25.00% | 4 | 25.00% | 5 | 25.00% | 44 | 25.43% | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Intraabdominal | 30 | 21.90% | 7 | 19.44% | 3 | 18.75% | 4 | 20.00% | 37 | 21.39% | 0.823 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Pulmonary | 9 | 6.57% | 3 | 8.33% | 1 | 6.25% | 2 | 10.00% | 12 | 6.94% | 0.716 | 1.000 | 0.633 |
Central venous catheter | 2 | 1.46% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 2 | 1.16% | 1.000 | NA | 1.000 |
Central nervous system | 1 | 0.73% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 1 | 0.58% | 1.000 | NA | 1.000 |
Others | 6 | 4.38% | 2 | 5.56% | 1 | 6.25% | 1 | 5.00% | 8 | 4.62% | 0.672 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Risk factors | |||||||||||||
Nursing home | 4 | 2.92% | 4 | 11.11% | 3 | 18.75% | 1 | 5.00% | 8 | 4.62% | 0.059 | 0.303 | 0.499 |
Recent hospitalisation within 90 days | 49 | 35.77% | 25 | 69.44% | 13 | 81.25% | 12 | 60.00% | 74 | 42.77% | 0.001* | 0.277 | 0.049* |
Antibiotic exposure within 90 days | |||||||||||||
Carbapenems | 6 | 4.38% | 6 | 16.67% | 5 | 31.25% | 1 | 5.00% | 12 | 6.94% | 0.019* | 0.069 | 1.000 |
Piperacillin-tazobactam | 14 | 10.22% | 6 | 16.67% | 4 | 25.00% | 2 | 10.00% | 20 | 11.56% | 0.377 | 0.374 | 1.000 |
Broad-spectrum cephalosporins | 14 | 10.22% | 11 | 10.22% | 7 | 43.75% | 4 | 20.00% | 25 | 14.45% | 0.006* | 0.159 | 0.251 |
Fluoroquinolones | 13 | 9.49% | 10 | 27.78% | 7 | 43.75% | 3 | 15.00% | 23 | 13.29% | 0.010* | 0.073 | 0.433 |
Cotrimoxazole | 5 | 3.65% | 1 | 2.78% | 1 | 6.25% | 0 | 0.00% | 6 | 3.47% | 1.000 | 0.444 | 1.000 |
Aminoglycosides | 4 | 2.92% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 4 | 2.31% | 0.581 | NA | 1.000 |
ICU admission prior to bacteraemia | 7 | 5.11% | 2 | 5.56% | 2 | 12.50% | 0 | 0.00% | 9 | 5.20% | 1.000 | 0.190 | 0.596 |
Dialysis within 30 days | 3 | 2.19% | 1 | 2.78% | 0 | 0.00% | 1 | 5.00% | 4 | 2.31% | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.423 |
Surgery within 30 days | 7 | 5.11% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 7 | 4.05% | 0.347 | NA | 0.596 |
Central venous catheter within 30 days | 13 | 9.49% | 2 | 5.56% | 0 | 0.00% | 2 | 10.00% | 15 | 8.67% | 0.740 | 0.492 | 1.000 |
Urinary catheter within 30 days | 23 | 16.79% | 12 | 33.33% | 4 | 25.00% | 8 | 40.00% | 35 | 20.23% | 0.036* | 0.481 | 0.030* |
History of urinary infection | 10 | 7.30% | 11 | 30.56% | 6 | 37.50% | 5 | 25.00% | 21 | 12.14% | 0.001* | 0.483 | 0.026* |
Immunosuppression | 48 | 35.04% | 13 | 36.11% | 5 | 31.25% | 8 | 40.00% | 61 | 35.26% | 1.000 | 0.731 | 0.803 |
Outcomes | |||||||||||||
Clinical cure | 120 | 87.59% | 32 | 88.89% | 15 | 93.75% | 17 | 85.00% | 152 | 87.86% | 1.000 | 0.613 | 0.723 |
Microbiological cure | 107 | 78.10% | 30 | 83.33% | 15 | 93.75% | 15 | 75.00% | 137 | 79.19% | 0.646 | 0.196 | 0.776 |
30-day recurrence | 5 | 3.65% | 1 | 2.78% | 0 | 0.00% | 1 | 5.00% | 6 | 3.47% | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.565 |
30-day mortality | 24 | 17.52% | 3 | 8.33% | 1 | 6.25% | 2 | 10.00% | 27 | 15.61% | 0.208 | 0.686 | 0.532 |
