Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Enhancement of exfoliating efficacy of L-carnitine with ion-pair method monitored by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Figure 3

Conductivity changes in CAR mixed with zwitterionic or nonionic substance. Conductivity for carnitine (CAR) and hydrogenated soya phosphatidylcholine (HSC) mixture and for CAR and PEG-40 stearate(PEGS) mixture compared with the values for CAR only. Each sample is measured at 25 °C by adding CAR to 100 mL of 0.02 M HSC or PEGS solutions. All the values of standard error for CAR only and mixture with HSC or PEGS are less than 0.7, 0.2 and 1.0, respectively.

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