Figure 2

Results of MD filtration tests at high water recovery with feed water composed by paraffins, SDS, and 15 g/L NaCl. Water flux data are depicted by open symbols and refer to the left Y-axis. Permeate conductivities are represented by solid symbols and refer to the right Y-axis. Orange squares and blue circles depict the data obtained with a theoretical TOC concentration of SDS of 395 mgC/L and 800 mgC/L, respectively (equivalent to SDS concentrations of 2.7 mM and 5.5 mM, respectively). The model for water flux is depicted by a blue dash line. Paraffins were added into the feed water at an amount of 1000 mgC/L, but this component is only sparingly soluble in water. All the tests were conducted at a feed temperature of 50 °C and a distillate temperature of 25 °C, using PTFE membranes.