Table 2 Seasonal variation of the significant inflammatory markers among pregnancy samples (n = 321) and postpartum samples (n = 189).

Inflammatory marker	Peak (day)	Trough (day)	Expected relative difference between trough and peak (%)^a	Mean value	Bonferroni corrected p-value
Pregnancy samples
VEGF-A	79	262	20.5	10.1	<0.001
OPG	77	260	33.0	10.5	<0.001
CSF-1	77	260	18.2	7.9	<0.001
CDCP1	65	248	39.4	2.7	<0.001
TNFRSF9	63	246	24.4	5.3	<0.001
CD244	113	296	21.8	5.2	0.001
Beta-NGF	91	274	18.6	0.8	0.001
MCP-2	61	244	45.7	7.5	0.001
CD5	92	275	20.5	3.0	0.002
STAM-BP	122	305	64.9	3.5	0.002
MCP-1	86	269	20.0	9.0	0.003
CD40	98	281	28.3	8.3	0.004
IL-15RA	92	275	16.7	0.2	0.005
SIRT2	120	303	78.6	3.7	0.005
IL-10RB	86	269	18.8	6.2	0.007
MCP-4	118	301	25.7	1.2	0.009
DNER	97	280	17.4	6.4	0.011
HGF	78	261	22.7	6.8	0.015
IL-12B	90	273	26.4	3.1	0.021
ARTN	83	266	22.7	0.8	0.022
IL-18R1	71	254	23.8	6.4	0.028
hGDNF	79	262	21.5	1.6	0.032
AXIN1	124	307	68.5	2.6	0.041
Postpartum samples
MCP-4	194	11	37.3	1.8	0.045

^aChange in inflammation level (not NPX value, see methods for more details).
VEGF-A: Vascular endothelial growth factor A; OPG: Osteoprotegerin; CSF-1: Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1; CDCP1: CUB domain-containing protein 1; TNFRSF9: Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; CD244: Natural killer receptor 2B4; Beta-NGF: Beta-nerve growth factor; MCP-2: Monocyte chemotactic protein 2; CD5: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5; STAM-BP: STAM-binding protein; MCP-1: Monocyte chemotactic protein 1; CD40: CD40L receptor; IL-15RA: Interleukin-15 receptor subunit alpha; SIRT2: SIR2-like protein 2; IL-10RB: Interleukin-10 receptor subunit beta; MCP-4: Monocyte chemotactic protein 4; DNER: Delta and Notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor; HGF: Hepatocyte growth factor receptor; IL-12B: Interleukin-12 receptor subunit beta; ARTN: Artemin; IL-18R1: Interleukin-18 receptor 1; hGDNF: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor; AXIN1: Axin-1; NT-3: Neurotrophin-3.

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