Table 6 Oral toxicity study: Electrolytic parameters in Wistar rats.

From: Delving into the Antiurolithiatic Potential of Tribulus terrestris Extract Through –In Vivo Efficacy and Preclinical Safety Investigations in Wistar Rats

Groups

 

GP1

GP2

(75 mg/kg)

GP3

(225 mg/kg)

GP4

(750 mg/kg)

 

GP1

GP2

(75 mg/kg)

GP3

(225 mg/kg)

GP4

(750 mg/kg)

Parameters

TP (g/L)

Male Wistar rats

65.8 (2.5)

67.3 (4.8)

66.0 (2.3)

67.2 (2.6)

Female Wistar rats

67.2 (1.2)

68.2 (4.1)

66.2 (4.4)

66.5 (4.2)

ALB (g/L)

11.7 (1.5)

11.8 (0.8)

11.5 (0.5)

11.7 (0.5)

13.0 (0.9)

12.5 (1.0)

13.0 (1.3)

12.2 (1.3)

ALT (nkat/L)

744.5 (161.8)

605.5 (105.2)

677.8 (105.8)

552.8 (24.5)

469.5 (59)

502.8 (80.5)

666.7 (193.8)

536.2 (57.2)

AST (nkat/L)

1702.8 (204.83)

1436.2 (186.8)

1497.2(131)

1366.7 (123)

1322.2 (227.2)

1330.5 (109.2)

1516.7 (180.1)

1344.5 (164.2)

ALPI (nkat/L)

1941.7 (501.2)

1916.7 (345.83)

1963.8 (510.3)

1972.2 (499.5)

1083.3 (471.5)

1069.5 (410)

1791.7 (821.5)

1747.2 (859.2)

TBI (mmol/L)

0.004 (0.002)

0.005 (0.001)

0.006 (0.001)

0.003 (0.001)

0.002 (0.001)

0.002 (0.0007)

0.002 (0.00)

0.002 (0.00)

Glucose (mmol/L)

5.19 (0.55)

5.61 (0.63)

5.53 (0.43)

5.40 (0.35)

6.02 (0.58)

5.39 (0.41)

5.56 (0.52)

5.65 (0.36)

Cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.74 (0.14)

1.63 (0.24)

1.55 (0.24)

1.76 (0.30)

1.33 (0.1)

1.45(0.21)

1.59 (0.31)

1.56 (0.38)

Blood Urea Nitrogen (mmol/L)

6.67 (1.1)

6.84 (1.3)

6.9 (0.97)

6.9 (2.9)

6.68 (0.95)

7.26 (0.54)

7.32 (0.49)

8.45 (1.42)

Creatinine (mmol/L)

0.039 (0.003)

0.038 (0.004)

0.039 (0.003)

0.042 (0.005)

0.04 (0.08)

0.04 (0.01)

0.04 (0.003)

0.04 (0.004)

TGL (mmol/L)

0.76(0.31)

0.73 (0.34)

0.78 (0.45)

0.59(0.25)

0.34 (0.09)

0.44 (0.08)

0.60 (0.21)

0.53 (0.12)

Sodium (mmol/L)

148.83 (1.17)

148.17 (1.17)

149.50 (0.55)

149.67 (3.08)

147.50 (1.05)

146.67 (1.03)

146.17 (1.83)

147.63 (5.58)

Potassium (mmol/L)

5.47 (0.20)

5.53 (0.15)

5.45(0.30)

5.62 (3.38)

5.15 (0.20)

5.27 (0.50)

5.32 (0.20)

5.38 (0.26)

Calcium (mmol/L)

2.51 (0.06)

2.57 (0.09)

2.55 (0.04)

2.45 (0.05)

2.55 (0.05)

2.59 (0.06)

2.61 (0.03)

2.57 (0.08)

Phosphate (mmol/L)

2.49 (0.08)

2.44 (0.11)

2.53 (0.12)

2.51 (0.24)

2.03 (0.22)

2.11 (0.26)

2.67 (0.6)

2.14 (0.09)

Globulin (g/L)

54.2 (1.9)

55.5 (4.6)

54.5 (2.3)

55.5 (2.5)

54.2 (1.5)

55.7 (4.1)

53.2 (3.9)

54.3 (3.1)

  1. The results of the various parameters are shown as Mean (Standard deviation).
  2. TP: Total protein, ALB: Albumin, ALT: Alanine aminotransferase, AST: Aspartate transaminase, ALPI: Alkaline phosphatase intestinal, TBI: Total bilirubin, TGL: Triglycerides.
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