Figure 7

Vesicle in shear flow. Time evolution of the shape of a larger vesicle (\(R \sim 100\) Å) under the action of the shear flow. (a–c) Simulations at different shear rate: \(\dot{\gamma }=3.7\times 1{0}^{7}\) s−1, \(1.9\) and \(3.7\times 1{0}^{9}\) s−1, respectively. Two lipid beads corresponding to the outer and inner layer are highlighted (yellow and green spheres, respectively) to help visualising the membrane rotation and the lipid motion inside the membrane.