Table 1 Baseline characteristics and post-intubation hypotension in hemodynamically unstable patients in the emergency department, according to ketamine use

From: Association of ketamine use with lower risks of post-intubation hypotension in hemodynamically-unstable patients in the emergency department

 

Ketamine

group

n = 316 (32%)

Reference

group

n = 661 (68%)

P-value

Patient characteristics

Age, median (IQR), years

69 (55–79)

67 (52–77)

0.14

Male sex

209 (66)

460 (70)

0.28

Body mass index (kg/m2)

<18.5

63 (20)

111 (17)

0.23

18.5–24.9

169 (53)

398 (60)

0.046

≥25.0

84 (27)

152 (23)

0.22

Airway management characteristics

Primary indication*

Respiratory failure

75 (24)

246 (37)

<0.001

Medical shock

166 (53)

144 (22)

<0.001

Traumatic indication

40 (13)

98 (15)

0.36

Others†

35 (11)

173 (26)

<0.001

Premedication use

111 (35)

216 (33)

0.45

Neuromuscular blocker use‡

254 (80)

487 (74)

0.02

Specialty of intubator

Transitional-year resident§

92 (29)

244 (37)

0.02

Emergency medicine resident

136 (43)

224 (34)

0.004

Emergency physician

51 (16)

121 (18)

0.41

Other specialties

37 (12)

72 (11)

0.70

Outcome event

Post-intubation hypotension||

47 (15)

180 (27)

<0.001

  1. Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.
  2. Data are shown as n (%) unless otherwise specified.
  3. *Percentages may not equal 100 due to rounding.
  4. †Defined as airway obstruction, altered mental status, and other medical indications.
  5. ‡With or without succinylcholine, rocuronium, or vecuronium.
  6. §Defined as post-graduate years 1 or 2.
  7. ||Systolic blood pressure of ≤90 mmHg during the 30-minute period following intubation or ≥20% decrease in systolic blood pressure between pre-intubation and immediately after intubation.
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