Figure 3
From: Double-parabolic-reflectors acoustic waveguides for high-power medical ultrasound

Vibration velocity characteristics under continuous excitation. Vibration velocity at the (a) waveguide tip, (b) PZT surface, and (c) the calculated amplification ratio under continuous excitation. The theoretical curves in (a,c) were provided by simulation using PZFlex (see Supplementary Fig. 6 for the simulation model). In (a,b), α direction represents the longitudinal direction along the thin waveguide and β direction is the thickness direction of the PZT ring. In (c) the amplification ratio was calculated by the vibration velocity of waveguide tip divided by the vibration velocity at the PZT surface under the same input.