Table 2 Change in Psychosocial Outcomes: Mindful Heart Study RCT.

From: Randomized Trial of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in Cardiac Patients Eligible for Cardiac Rehabilitation

PHQ-9 (Depression)

Change at 3 months

Change at 9 months

Mean (SD)

Adjusted difference (95% CI)

Mean (SD)

Adjusted difference (95% CI)

MBSR

−2.3 (3.48)

−2.69 (−4.70, −0.68)**

−2.11 (3.76)

−1.18 (−3.67, 1.31)

Control

0.33 (2.26)

 

−0.93 (4.23)

 

GAD-7 (Anxiety)

MBSR

−3.03 (4.33)

−2.75 (−5.37, −0.13)*

−2.23 (4.34)

−0.89 (−3.37, 1.59)

Control

−0.32 (2.88)

 

−1.4 (2.31)

 

Perceived Stress Scale

MBSR

−3.39 (6.3)

−2.48 (−6.65, 1.69)

−4.13 (7.77)

−1.33 (−5.72, 3.07)

Control

−1.0 (6.24)

 

−2.93 (4.08)

 

Mentally unhealthy days in the last month

MBSR

−3.76 (7.03)

−3.93 (−8.04, 0.17)†

−2.55 (8.65)

−2.98 (−7.78, 1.81)

Control

0.07 (4.91)

 

0.47 (4.09)

 

Self-rated health

MBSR

−0.14 (0.79)

−0.26 (−0.74, 0.22)

−0.28 (0.75)

−0.41 (−0.87, 0.06)‡

Control

0.13 (0.64)

 

0.13 (0.64)

 
  1. N = 47 (31 randomized to MBSR; 16 randomized to Control).
  2. **p = 0.01; *p = 0.04; †p = 0.06; ‡p = 0.084.
  3. Each measure is scored such that a higher score indicates more depressive symptoms, anxiety, etc. Values shown are means (SD) for 3-month and 9-month changes in the measures listed, and differences in change scores (95% CI) between the MBSR and control groups, adjusted for the randomization strata (i.e., concurrent enrollment in exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation [yes/no] at baseline). All change scores are calculated by subtracting the baseline value from the follow-up value at 3-months and at 9-months for a given measure. Thus, a negative change score reflects an improvement in these indicators from baseline whereas a positive change score represents a worsening of symptoms from baseline.
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