Table 1 Baseline characteristics and clinical profiles of the study population according to the adherence to CAG recommendation.

From: Adherence to guideline recommendations for coronary angiography in a poor South-East Asian setting: Impact on short- and medium-term clinical outcomes

Variables

Adhere

Not adhere

Total

p-value

(n = 273)

(n = 201)

(n = 474)

Age (years)

57.1 ± 10.0

59.5 ± 11.6

58.1 ± 10.7

0.017

Male sex

220 (80.6)

125 (62.2)

345 (72.8)

<0.001

Previous MI

108 (39.6)

56 (27.9)

164 (34.6)

0.008

Previous CAG

64 (23.4)

5 (2.5)

69 (14.6)

<0.001

Previous PCI

26 (9.5)

1 (0.5)

27 (5.7)

<0.001

Risk factors

Hypertension

201 (73.6)

155 (77.1)

356 (75.1)

0. 385

Diabetes mellitus

73 (26.7)

73 (36.3)

146 (30.8)

0.026

Dyslipidemia

219 (80.2)

148 (73.6)

367 (77.4)

0.09

Current/former smoker

185 (67.8)

111 (55.2)

296 (62.4)

0.005

Parents with CVD

80 (29.3)

42 (20.9)

122 (25.7)

0.039

BMI (kg/m2)

24.4 ± 3.2

24.1 ± 3.5

24.3 ± 3.3

0.292

Low education*

43 (15.8)

93 (46.3)

136 (28.7)

<0.001

Low socio-economic status†

99 (36.3)

147 (73.1)

246 (51.9)

<0.001

>20 km from hospital (rural)

140 (51.3)

105 (52.5)

245 (51.7)

0.837

Clinical presentation

Stable angina

90 (33.0)

23 (11.4)

113 (23.8)

<0.001

Unstable angina

44 (16.1)

24 (11.9)

68 (14.3)

0.2

Non-ST-elevation MI

27 (9.9)

57 (28.4)

84 (17.7)

<0.001

ST-elevation MI

112 (41.0)

97 (48.3)

209 (44.1)

0.117

LVEF (%)‡

48.4 ± 14.3

41.8 ± 13.2

45.8 ± 14.2

<0.001

eGFR < 60 mL/min

67 (24.5)

82 (40.8)

149 (31.4)

<0.001

CHF/Killip class ≥ 2

70 (25.6)

113 (56.2)

183 (38.6)

<0.001

NYHA

Class II

9 (3.3)

11 (5.5)

20 (4.2)

0.244

Class III

27 (9.9)

46 (22.9)

73 (15.4)

<0.001

Class IV

2 (0.7)

10 (5.0)

12 (2.5)

0.004

Onset to admission (hours)§

27 (9–48)

24 (10–48)

25.5 (10–48)

0.678

Length of stay (days)§

6 (0–8)

7 (5–10)

6 (4–9)

<0.001

  1. Values are n (%) or means ± SD. Comparison was performed using independent t-test for continuous variables and Pearson Chi-square test for categorical variables.
  2. *Defined as the highest formal education was junior high/elementary school, no schooling, or illiterate.
  3. †Defined as monthly income <Rp.1,810,000- (USD 1 = Rp. 13,500,-). The cut point based on the national average of minimum income for proper life in 2015.
  4. ‡Echo was examined in 261 patients.
  5. §Values are medians (Q1-Q3). Comparison was performed using Mann-Whitney U test.
  6. CAG = coronary angiography; MI = myocardial infarction; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; CVD = cardiovascular disease; BMI = body mass index; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; CHF = congestive heart failure; NYHA = New York Heart Association.
Back to article page