Table 1 Demographics of the patients.

From: The relationship between the gut microbiome and mild cognitive impairment in patients without dementia: a cross-sectional study conducted in Japan

 

Total

 

MCI

NC

P

(n = 82)

(n = 61)

(n = 21)

Demographics

Age, years*

76, 68–80

77, 73–81

69, 61–76

<0.001

Female sex, n (%)

43 (52.4)

33 (54.1)

10 (47.6)

0.623

Education, years

12, 9–13

12, 9–12

12, 11–14

0.076

Body mass index, kg/m2

22.6, 20.6–24.1

22.5, 20.6–24.5

22.9, 20.5–24.0

0.911

Risk factors

Hypertension, n (%)*

47 (57.3)

39 (63.9)

8 (38.1)

0.045

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

10 (12.2)

7 (11.5)

3 (14.3)

0.711

Dyslipidaemia, n (%)

36 (43.9)

27 (44.3)

9 (42.9)

1.000

CKD, n (%)

24 (29.3)

20 (32.8)

4 (19.1)

0.278

IHD, n (%)

7 (8.5)

5 (8.20)

2 (9.52)

1.000

History of stroke, n (%)

6 (7.3)

6 (9.84)

0

0.330

Smoking habits, n (%)

24 (29.3)

19 (31.2)

5 (23.8)

0.590

Alcohol consumption, n (%)

33 (40.2)

21 (34.4)

12 (57.1)

0.077

ApoE ε4 carrier, n (%)

18 (22.0)

16 (26.2)

2 (9.5)

0.136

  1. Data are represented as the mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or number of patients (%).
  2. Wilcoxon signed-rank and χ2 tests were used.
  3. The asterisk indicates statistical significance.
  4. Abbreviations: MCI, mild cognitive impairment; NC, normal cognition; CKD, chronic kidney disease; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; ApoE, apolipoprotein E.
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