Table 4 Associations between MRI features and subsequent neurosurgery (both institutions).

From: The Impact of MRI Features and Observer Confidence on the Treatment Decision-Making for Patients with Untreated Glioma

MRI feature#

Biopsy

Subtotal resection

Gross total resection

Repeated surgery

Hazard ratio

±st.dev

±st.dev

±st.dev

Yes

No

[95% conf.int]

FLAIR/T2 signal cross midline

45% (29/64)

30% (30/99)

6% (3/51)

—

—

1.30 [1.21–1.87] ***

Enhancement quality

1.96 ± 1.17

2.77 ± 0.90

1.97 ± 1.31

—

—

1.27 [1.11–1.56] ***

Multifocal lesions

42% (27/64)

27% (27/99)

6% (3/51)

—

—

1.30 [1.16–1.64] ***

Pial invasion

—

—

—

43% (16/36)

17% (31/179)

1.30 [1.11–1.48] **

Faciliated diffusion

—

—

—

1.52 ± 0.40

1.70 ± 0.61

1.32 [1.09–1.37] **

  1. Note. ***Significant features at the P < 0.001 level (Bonferroni corrected).
  2. **Significant features at the P < 0.01 level (Bonferroni corrected).
  3. #Observer scorings deemed indeterminate were excluded from analysis.
  4. Highest incidence/value highlighted in bold.
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