Table 2 Summary statistics of red deer and ibex δ13C and δ15N values from levels sampled at La Riera.

From: Adaptability, resilience and environmental buffering in European Refugia during the Late Pleistocene: Insights from La Riera Cave (Asturias, Cantabria, Spain)

Level

δ13C

δ15N

n

Mean

Min.

Max.

Range

Mean

Min.

Max.

Range

 

Red deer (Cervus elaphus)

7

7

−20.2

−20.8

−19.6

1.2

0.5

4.3

3.4

5.8

2.4

1.0

11

7

−20.9

−21.2

−20.4

0.8

0.3

3.7

3.1

4.3

1.2

0.4

13

7

−20.6

−21.2

−20.2

1.0

0.4

3.5

3.0

4.3

1.3

0.5

18

7

−20.7

−21.1

−20.5

0.6

0.2

4.0

3.6

4.4

0.8

0.3

19

7

−20.8

−21.3

−20.7

0.6

0.2

4.2

3.7

4.8

1.1

0.4

23

7

−20.8

−21.0

−20.0

1.0

0.4

3.9

2.8

5.3

2.5

0.7

24

7

−20.2

−20.8

−19.6

1.2

0.5

4.3

3.4

5.8

2.4

1.0

27

6

−21.2

−21.5

−20.9

0.6

0.2

4.5

3.8

5.1

1.3

0.5

28

5

−21.0

−21.3

−20.7

0.6

0.2

3.8

3.5

4.3

0.8

0.3

29

7

−21.1

−21.6

−20.1

1.5

0.5

4.1

2.4

5.1

2.7

1.0

 

Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica)

7

5

−20.5

−21.3

−19.9

1.4

0.6

3.0

2.3

3.5

1.2

0.5

11

5

−20.1

−20.5

−19.5

1.0

0.4

2.5

2.0

3.0

1.0

0.4

13

6

−20.2

−20.4

−20.0

0.4

0.2

2.7

2.1

3.8

1.7

0.6

18

7

−20.6

−21.4

−20.0

1.4

0.5

4.0

2.6

5.3

2.7

0.8

19

6

−20.6

−21.7

−19.9

1.8

0.6

4.0

3.6

4.4

0.8

0.3

23

4

−20.6

−21.4

−20.3

1.1

0.5

3.6

2.9

4.5

1.6

0.7

24

3

−19.9

−19.9

−19.8

0.1

0.1

4.6

4.0

5.2

1.2

0.6

27

7

−21.4

−21.9

−20.2

1.7

0.6

4.4

3.1

4.9

1.8

0.7

28

3

−20.7

−21.1

−20.4

0.7

0.4

3.5

3.2

3.9

0.7

0.4

29

4

−20.9

−21.7

−20.3

1.4

0.6

3.8

2.7

5.2

2.5

1.0