Table 1 Minimum number of individuals (ID: CET) from Els Trocs and two potential further individuals represented by isolated funnel-shaped cranial bone fragments (CET-F); Individual data on Age at death (in years) and Sex (morphologic/genetic; n.d. = not determined); Genetic profiles (aHVS1 data Mainz University, bGenome-wide data Harvard University Boston and MPI Jena, cGenome-wide data MPI Jena); occurrence of fatal arrowshot head trauma (AHT) as well as blunt force trauma (BFT) on cranial and postcranial remainsd and their timing during the peri = perimortem and post = post-mortem phases; chronology (phases of occupation); Radiocarbon data (eMAMS = Mannheim AMS facility at the Curt-Engelhorn-Centre for Achaeometry; References. More detailed information as well as a Bayesian modelling of the Phase I data is to be found in Materials and Methods, Supplementary Text S2 and Supplementary Fig. S4).
From: A massacre of early Neolithic farmers in the high Pyrenees at Els Trocs, Spain
ID | Age (y) | Sex morph. | Sex genet. | HVS Ia.b | Y-chrom.b,c | Violence patternd | Phases | Radiocarbon data cal. BCEe | References (genetic data) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CET 1 | 5–6 | n.d. | f | J1c3 | (-) | BFT peri and post | Phase I | 5311–5218 (MAMS 16159) | a,bHaak et al. 2015 aSzécsényi-Nagy et al. 2017 |
CET 2 | > 20 | m? | m | J1c1b | I2a1a | post | Phase II | 3933–3709 (MAMS 16160) | aSzécsényi-Nagy et al. 2017 cVillalba-Mouco et al. 2019 |
CET 3 | 30–50 | m | m | pre-T2c1d2 | R1b1 | BFT peri and post | Phase I | 5294–5066 (MAMS 16161) | a,bHaak et al. 2015 aSzécsényi-Nagy et al. 2017 |
CET 4 | 3.5–4.5 | n.d. | m | K1a2a | F* | BFT peri and post | Phase I | 5294–5068 (MAMS 16162) | a,bHaak et al. 2015 aSzécsényi-Nagy et al. 2017 |
CET 5 | 30–50 | m | m | N1a1a1 | I2a1b1 | BFT peri and post | Phase I | 5310–5080 (MAMS 16164) | a,bHaak et al. 2015 aSzécsényi-Nagy et al. 2017 |
CET 6 | 25–40 | m? | m | U3a1 | I2a1a | post | Phase II | 3946–3767 (MAMS 16165) | aSzécsényi-Nagy et al. 2017 cVillalba-Mouco et al. 2019 |
CET 7 | 3–4 | n.d. | f | V | (-) | BFT peri and post | Phase I | 5303–5075 (MAMS 16166) | a,bHaak et al. 2015 aSzécsényi-Nagy et al. 2017 |
CET 8 | 6–8 | n.d. | n.d. | H1 | n.d. | post | Phase III | 3350–3101 (MAMS 16167) | aSzécsényi-Nagy et al. 2017 |
CET 9 | > 30 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | post | Phase III | assigned stratigraphically | |
CET 10 | 50–70 | f | n.d. | K | n.d. | AHT and BFT peri and post | Phase I | 5310–5078 (MAMS 16168) | aSzécsényi-Nagy et al. 2017 |
CET 11 | 6–7 | f? | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | BFT peri and post | Phase I | 5312–5219 (MAMS 16163) | |
CET 12 | 30–50 | m | n.d. | T2 | n.d. | BFT peri and post | Phase I | 5218–5034 (MAMS 40100) | aSzécsényi-Nagy et al. 2017 |
CET 13 | > 20 | n.d. | n.d | n.d. | n.d. | AHT and BFT peri and post | Phase I | assigned stratigraphically | |
CET-F22580 | > 20 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | AHT peri | Phase I | assigned stratigraphically | |
CET-F22567 | > 20 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | AHT peri | Phase I | assigned stratigraphically |
