Table 1 Characteristics of the studies included in this meta-analysis.

From: Clinical efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for the treatment of advanced or metastatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author, year

Histology

Masking

Line

Treatment arm

HR (95% CI) for PFS

HR (95% CI) for OS

Horn 2018

SCLC

Double-Blind

1

Atezolizumab + CE vs Placebo + CE

0.77 (0.62–0.96)

0.70 (0.54–0.91)

Cohen 2018

HNC

Open-Label

>1

Pembrolizumab vs IC of Standard-of-care Therapy

0.96 (0.79–1.16)

0.80 (0.65–0.98)

Schmid 2018

BC

Double-Blind

1

Atezolizumab + Nab-Paclitaxel vs Placebo + Nab-Paclitaxel

0.80 (0.69–0.92)

0.84 (0.69–1.02)

Powles 2018

UC

Open-Label

>1

Atezolizumab vs ICC

NA

0.85 (0.73–0.99)

Paz-Ares 2018

NSCLC

Double-Blind

1

Pembrolizumab + ICC vs Placebo + ICC

0.56 (0.45–0.70)

0.64 (0.49–0.85)

Larkin 2018

Mm

Open-Label

>1

Nivolumab vs ICC

1.03 (0.78–1.44)

0.95 (0.73–1.24)

Herbst 2016

NSCLC

Open-Label

>1

Pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg vs Docetaxel

0.88 (0.74–1.05)

0.71 (0.58–0.88)

Pembrolizumab 10 mg/kg vs Docetaxel

0.79 (0.66–0.94)

0.61 (0.49–0.75)

Gandhi 2018

NSCLC

Double-Blind

1

Pembrolizumab + IC of PT-DC vs Placebo + IC of PT-DC

0.52 (0.43–0.64)

0.49 (0.38–0.64)

Fehrenbacher 2018

NSCLC

Open-Label

>1

Atezolizumab vs Docetaxel

0.96 (0.85–1.08)

0.80 (0.70–0.92)

Barlesi 2018

NSCLC

Open-Label

>1

Avelumab vs Docetaxel

1.16 (0.97–1.40)

0.90 (0.75–1.08)

Antonia 2018

NSCLC

Double-Blind

>1

Durvalumab vs Placebo

0.51 (0.41–0.63)

0.68 (0.47–0.997)

Reck 2016

NSCLC

Open-Label

1

Pembrolizumab vs IC of PT-DC

0.50 (0.37–0.68)

0.60 (0.41–0.89)

Kang 2017

GC/GEJC

Double-Blind

>1

Nivolumab vs Placebo

0.60 (0.49–0.75)

0.63 (0.51–0.78)

Carbone 2017

NSCLC

Open-Label

1

Nivolumab vs IC of PT-DC

1.19 (0.97–1.46)

1.08 (0.87–1.34)

Bellmunt 2017

UC

Open-Label

>1

Pembrolizumab vs ICC

0.98 (0.81–1.19)

0.73 (0.59–0.91)

Borghaei 2015

NSCLC

Open-Label

>1

Nivolumab vs Docetaxel

0.92 (0.77–1.11)

0.73 (0.59–0.89)

Brahmer 2015

NSCLC

Open-Label

>1

Nivolumab vs Docetaxel

0.62 (0.47–0.81)

0.59 (0.44–0.79)

Motzer 2015

RCC

Open-Label

>1

Nivolumab vs Everolimus

0.88 (0.75–1.03)

0.73 (0.57–0.93)

Fehrenbacher 2016

NSCLC

Open-Label

>1

Atezolizumab vs Docetaxel

0.94 (0.72–1.23)

0.73 (0.53–0.99)

Ferris 2016

HNC

Open-Label

>1

Nivolumab vs IC of Standard, Single-agent Therapy

0.89 (0.70–1.13)

0.70 (0.51–0.96)

Socinski 2018

NSCLC

Open-Label

1

Atezolizumab + Bev + PC vs Bev + PC

0.61 (0.52–0.72)

NA

Ascierto 2018

Mm

Double-Blind

1

Nivolumab vs Dacarbazine

0.42 (0.33–0.53)

0.46 (0.36–0.59)

Bang 2018

GC/GEJC

Open-Label

>1

Atezolizumab vs ICC

1.73 (1.40–2.20)

1.10 (0.90–1.40)

Mateos 2019

MM

Open-Label

>1

Pembrolizumab plus PD vs PD

1.53 (1.05–2.22)

1.61 (0.91–2.85)

Usmani 2019

MM

Open-Label

1

Pembrolizumab plus LD vs LD

1.22 (0.67–2.22)

2.06 (0.93–4.55)

Borghaei 2019

NSCLC

Open-Label

1

Pembrolizumab plus Pemetrexed-Carboplatin vs Pemetrexed-Carboplatin

0.53 (0.33–0.86)

0.56 (0.32–0.95)

Eng 2019

CRC

Open-Label

>1

Atezolizumab plus Cobimetinib vs Regorafenib

1.25 (0.94–1.65)

1.00 (0.73–1.38)

 

Atezolizumab vs Regorafenib

1.39 (1.00–1.94)

1.19 (0.83–1.71)

Fradet 2019

UC

Open-Label

>1

Pembrolizumab vs ICC

0.96 (0.79–1.16)

0.70 (0.57–0.85)

Hamid 2019

Mm

Double-Blind

>1

Pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg vs ICC

0.58 (0.46–0.73)

0.79 (0.58–1.08)

 

Pembrolizumab 10 mg/kg vs ICC

0.47 (0.37–0.60)

0.67 (0.49–0.92)

Mok 2019

NSCLC

Open-Label

1

Pembrolizumab vs IC of PT-DC

1.07 (0.94–1.21)

0.81 (0.71–0.93)

Motzer 2019

RCC

Open-Label

1

Avelumab plus Axitinib vs Sunitinib

0.69 (0.56–0.84)

0.78 (0.55–1.08)

Weber 2015

Mm

Open-Label

>1

Nivolumab vs ICC

0.82 (0.32–2.05)

NA

West 2019

NSCLC

Open-Label

1

Atezolizumab plus IC of PT-DC vs IC of PT-DC

0.65 (0.54–0.77)

0.80 (0.65–0.99)

Brian 2019

RCC

Open-Label

1

Atezolizumab plus Bev vs Sunitinib

0.83 (0.70–0.97)

0.93 (0.76–1.14)

Rini 2019

RCC

Open-Label

1

Pembrolizumab plus Axitinib vs Sunitinib

0.69 (0.57–0.84)

0.53 (0.38–0.74)

  1. Abbreviations: NSCLC, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer; SCLC, Small Cell Lung Cancer; Mm, Melanoma; RCC, Renal-Cell Carcinoma; UC, Urothelial Carcinoma; GC/GEJC, Gastric or Gastro-oesophageal Junction Cancer; BC, Breast Cancer; HNC, Head-and-Neck Cancer, MM, Multiple Myeloma. CE, Carboplatin plus Etoposide; IC, Investigator’s Choice; ICC = Investigator’s Choice of Chemotherapy; PT-DC, Platinum-Based Doublet Chemotherapy; PC, Paclitaxel plus Carboplatin; Bev, Bevacizumab; Pomalidomide plus Dexamethasone, PD; Pembrolizumab plus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone, LD. Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone.