Figure 1

Differences in cumulative seed germination ratio (%) (mean ± S.E.) of Spartina alterniflora among the combination of the four environmental factors (i.e., cold stratification period (0 (a,b), 4 (c,d), 8 (e,f) weeks), temperature (constant (a,c,e) versus alternating (b,d,f) temperature), light (light/dark versus dark), and oxygen (aerobic versus anaerobic) conditions). Symbols is as follows: open square: constant temperature, light/dark and aerobic, open circle: constant temperature, light/dark and anaerobic, open triangle: constant temperature, dark and aerobic, open diamond: constant temperature, dark and anaerobic, solid square: alternating temperature, light/dark and aerobic, solid circle: alternating temperature, light/dark and anaerobic, solid triangle: alternating temperature, dark and aerobic, solid diamond: alternating temperature, dark and anaerobic.