Table 3 Postoperative mortality and morbidity according to the patient group.

From: Elderly versus non-elderly patients undergoing surgery for left-sided native valve infective endocarditis: A 10-year institutional experience

Parameters

Overall

Elderly

(≥65 years)

Non-elderly

(<65 years)

P-value

n = 179

n = 38

n = 141

Hospital mortalitya (n, %)

18, 10.1

10, 26.3

8, 5.7

0.001

Myocardial failureb (n, %)

9, 5.0

7, 18.4

2, 1.4

 

Brain stem failurec (n, %)

4, 2.2

1, 2.6

3, 2.1

 

Uncontrolled sepsisd (n, %)

5, 2.8

2, 5.3

3, 2.1

 

Acute renal failuree (n, %)

8, 4.5

2, 5.3

6, 4.3

0.790

Atrial fibrillation (n, %)

22, 12.3

5, 13.2

17, 12.1

0.854

GI bleeding (n, %)

5, 2.8

2, 5.3

3, 2.1

0.298

Deep sternal wound infection (n, %)

6, 3.4

2, 5.3

4, 2.8

0.461

Pneumonia (n, %)

17, 9.5

4, 10.5

13, 9.2

0.807

New brain stroke (n, %)

11, 6.1

5, 13.2

6, 4.3

0.043

Infarction (n, %)

5, 2.8

3, 7.9

2, 1.4

0.032

Haemorrhage (n, %)

7, 3.9

2, 5.3

5, 3.5

0.628

Re-operation for bleeding (n, %)

10, 5.6

4, 10.5

6, 4.3

0.135

Extubation time (h)

20.0 (8.0–48.0)

41.0 (17.8–70.5)

19.0 (6.5–44.0)

0.001

Ventilator support >48 h (n, %)

45, 25.1

17, 44.7

28, 19.9

0.002

Tracheostomy (n, %)

4, 2.2

2, 5.3

2, 1.4

0.155

ICU stay (days)

3.0 (2.0–5.0)

4.5 (2.8–9.0)

3.0 (2.0–4.0)

0.001

ICU stay >7 days (n, %)

29, 16.2

13, 34.2

16, 11.3

0.001

ICU readmission (n, %)

12, 6.7

4, 10.5

8, 5.7

0.288

Hospital stay (days)

37.0 (27.0–49.0)

37.5 (16.8–53.0)

37.0 (28.0–47.5)

0.405

  1. aDeath occurring during hospitalization.
  2. bPersistent myocardial dysfunction with shock, refractory to inotropic medication and/or mechanical support.
  3. cCerebral infarction/haemorrhage with irreversible deep coma, apnoea, and absence of brainstem reflexes.
  4. dPersistent bacteraemia, refractory to antibiotic and surgical treatments.
  5. eStage 3 acute kidney dysfunction according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network classification.
  6. GI, gastrointestinal; ICU, intensive care unit.
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