Table 2 Developmental period, oviposition period, adult longevities and fecundity (average ± standard error) of Harmonia sedecimnotata fed on Aphis gossypii.

From: Harmonia sedecimnotata (F.): Predatory potential, biology, life table, molecular characterization, and field evaluation against Aphis gossypii Glover

Stages and statistics

n

Average ± standard error

Developmental period (day)

Egg

85

5.0 ± 0.00

1st stadium

85

5.7 ± 0.30

2nd stadium

81

2.6 ± 0.22

3rd stadium

78

3.9 ± 0.28

4th stadium

73

7.3 ± 0.75

Larva (1st to 4th stadia)

73

19.5 ± 1.01

Pupa

69

5.1 ± 0.59

Total development period

69

29.6 ± 0.62

Adult longevity and oviposition periods (day)

Female

41

68.1 ± 6.56

Male

25

62.9 ± 0.62

Pre-oviposition

41

24.7 ± 6.18

Oviposition

41

36.7 ± 3.00

Post-oviposition

41

6.7 ± 5.32

Statistics

Fecundity (eggs/individual)

 

75.7 ± 4.99

Daily maximum fecundity

 

52

Lifelong maximum fecundity

 

1080

  1. Data in interaction analyzed with least squares means (LSD) and means separated with a standard error of the mean at P ≤ 0.01.