Figure 5

Putative modes of action of vitamin D. Black and blue arrows indicate genomic and nongenomic pathways, respectively. GPCRs, G protein-coupled receptors; MARRS, membrane-associated, rapid response steroid-binding receptor; VDR, vitamin D receptor; mVDR, membrane-bound vitamin D receptor; RXR, retinoid X receptor; VDRE, vitamin D response element; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; SREBPs, sterol regulatory element–binding proteins; SCAP, SREBP cleavage-activating protein; SRE, sterol regulatory element.