Table 4 Comparison results of ozone simulations in HCMC with other studies.
Studies | Conducted period | EI method | Model | Prevailing wind direction | Plume direction | Maximum concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Nghiem, 2009)24 | Three days in Jan 2005 | Top-down approach, data were collected from satellite image (MODIS) in 2005 | CMAQ-MM5 | Northerly | Southwest | 50 ppb |
(Dung, 2009)10 | Two days in Jan 2006 | Top-down and bottom-up approach, data were calculated for on-road, industrial, and domestic sources | FVM-TAPOM | Northerly | Southwest | 75 ppb |
(Bang, 2011)11 | Three days in Feb 2006 | Top-down and bottom-up approach, data were calculated for on-road, industrial, and domestic sources | FVM-TAPOM | Easterly | Northern and Northwestern | 150 ppb |
(Bang, 2018)15 | Entire one-month period in Jan 2015 | Top-down and bottom-up approach, data were calculated for traffic, industrial, household, and biogenic sources | TAPM-CTM | Northerly | Southwest | 65 ppb |
This study | Entire 1-year period in 2017, the maximum concentration occurred in Dec 2017 | Top-down and bottom-up approach, data were calculated for line source (including on-road and non-road such as airport, seaport, and bus station; area sources including household, restaurants, gas station, etc.; point sources and biogenic sources | TAPM-CTM | Northerly | Southwest | 110 ppb |
