Figure 6

Histopathological analysis in Safranin O stain. Representative images are shown in the cartilages and the synovial membrane (m.) (a). Arrows indicate cartilage thickness of the femur and tibia. Scale bars = 120 µm. Thickness of cartilages of the femur (b) and tibia (c), and the synovial m. (d) were measured. In addition, total Mankin scores were assessed in both cartilages of the femur (e) and tibia (f). The maximum total score is 12. Inflammatory (IF) cells were counted in the synovial m. (g). Values were expressed as means ± SD (eight samples/group). **p < 0.01 and *p < 0.05 versus sham group, ^##p < 0.01 and ^#p < 0.05 versus OA con, and ^$$p < 0.01 and ^$p < 0.05 versus D2 + DW by LSD (c–f) or MW (b,g).