Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Electrofluidic control of bioactive molecule delivery into soft tissue models based on gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels using threads and surgical sutures

Figure 4

Controlled delivery via electric field into 3D GelMA hydrogel supports. Distribution area of fluorescein (FL, a model compound) within hydrogel with stiffness of 4.3 kPa as a function of time in 4 different steps. (I) band delivery, 50 μA, 4.5 min (•); (II) molecular diffusion, 11 min (▲); (III) equilibration, 9 min (♦); and (IV) excess removal, 100 μA, 10 min (■). Solid line represents the current applied. Representative images were taken at minutes 11.17 (insert A), 20.50 (insert B), and 27.00 (insert C). Trend line for excess removal was y = −0.9973 × +0.445, R-squared = 0.9887. Scale bars is 2.5 mm. Conditions were the same as for Fig. 1.

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