Table 3 Concentrations (μg/kg) of volatile compounds under cluster thinning and girdling in the pulp juice of ‘Jumeigui’ grape at harvest.

From: Influence of cluster thinning and girdling on aroma composition in ‘Jumeigui’ table grape

Compounds

Treatment

CK

G

CT

CTG

C6 compounds

Hexanal

1656 ± 48a

1860 ± 48b

2049 ± 30c

2084 ± 39c

(Z)-3-Hexenal

7.9 ± 2.0a

8.6 ± 2.3ab

10.9 ± 2.5ab

13.3 ± 3.1b

(E)-2-Hexenal

682 ± 23a

815 ± 31b

1095 ± 41c

1198 ± 50d

Hexanol

441 ± 30a

405 ± 45a

643 ± 61b

828 ± 40c

(Z)-3-Hexenol

11.9 ± 0.2a

16.2 ± 0.8b

15.0 ± 0.7b

14.8 ± 0.9b

(E)-2-Hexenol

134 ± 12a

217 ± 54b

189 ± 16ab

229 ± 53b

Subtotal

2933 ± 59a

3322 ± 91b

4001 ± 68c

4367 ± 92d

Alcohols

1-Octen-3-ol

3.28 ± 0.16a

3.14 ± 0.12a

4.84 ± 0.29b

7.29 ± 0.32c

Heptanol

3.58 ± 0.26b

3.04 ± 0.11a

2.87 ± 0.19a

4.08 ± 0.31c

2-Ethyl hexanol*

1.63 ± 0.05a

1.37 ± 0.18a

1.27 ± 0.36a

1.60 ± 0.10a

Octanol

0.83 ± 0.11b

0.57 ± 0.07a

1.10 ± 0.11c

1.52 ± 0.18d

Phenylethyl alcohol

0.83 ± 0.24a

1.20 ± 0.13b

1.70 ± 0.02c

1.53 ± 0.11c

Subtotal

10.2 ± 0.4a

9.3 ± 0.5a

11.8 ± 0.2b

16.0 ± 0.8c

Esters

Ethyl acetate

2275 ± 197a

3343 ± 88b

5159 ± 113d

4885 ± 134c

Ethyl propionate*

3.47 ± 0.23a

4.85 ± 0.21b

5.14 ± 0.64b

8.64 ± 0.98c

Ethyl isobutyrate

nd

15.1 ± 8.7a

27.2 ± 6.8a

55. 9 ± 7.0b

Ethyl butyrate

79.2 ± 10.5a

256 ± 6b

318 ± 21c

376. ± 32d

Ethyl 2-methylbutanoate*

2.26 ± 0.42a

8.95 ± 0.44b

12.2 ± 4.9b

13.1 ± 4.6b

Ethyl pentanoate

31.4 ± 3.3a

110 ± 3c

76.1 ± 10.1b

33.7 ± 4.5a

Ethyl hexanoate

29.7 ± 5.0a

62.9 ± 5.7bc

68.1 ± 7.0c

56.5 ± 4.4b

Hexyl acetate

1.18 ± 0.11a

1.96 ± 0.84ab

2.32 ± 0.35ab

3.31 ± 1.09b

2-Hexenoic acid ethyl ester*

3.24 ± 0.29a

5.55 ± 0.51b

11.0 ± 1.4c

14.6 ± 0.5d

Ethyl octanoate*

2.93 ± 2.10a

4.60 ± 0.16ab

6.49 ± 1.77b

6.02 ± 1.56ab

Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate*

1.84 ± 0.95a

4.49 ± 0.29b

6.11 ± 0.66c

9.23 ± 0.95d

Subtotal

2430 ± 212a

3817 ± 88b

5691 ± 126c

5462 ± 172c

Aldehydes

Pentanal

4.96 ± 0.94ab

4.46 ± 0.61a

6.17 ± 0.46c

6.02 ± 0.83bc

Heptanal*

12.7 ± 3.6a

13.0 ± 2.3a

13.6 ± 2.8a

13.5 ± 1.7a

Octanal

6.82 ± 0.52a

6.76 ± 1.01a

8.90 ± 0.86b

8.13 ± 0.81ab

Nonanal

59.7 ± 15.1a

48.4 ± 3.2a

64.7 ± 8.1a

53.5 ± 7.1a

Benzaldehyde

17.3 ± 3.1a

16.3 ± 2.6a

17.8 ± 4.4a

17.0 ± 6.5a

Phenylacetaldehyde*

4.68 ± 0.21b

2.77 ± 0.62a

3.24 ± 0.25a

3.47 ± 0.17a

Subtotal

106 ± 17a

91.7 ± 10.0a

114 ± 16a

102 ± 10a

Terpenes

Subtotal

659 ± 11a

722 ± 24b

906 ± 12c

999 ± 13d

Total

6138 ± 298a

7962 ± 149b

10725 ± 192c

10945 ± 231d

  1. CK, the control treatment (unthinned and ungirdled); G, trunk girdled one week before véraison; CT, 50% clusters thinned one week before véraison; CTG, 50% clusters thinned and trunk girdled one week before véraison. Different letters within rows indicate statistically different values (p < 0.05) according to Duncan’s test. *Indicated the semi-quantitative determinations with the internal standards.
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