Table 1 Clinical and laboratory data for AIS subjects divided according to their sd-LDL-c levels and hypolipemic drugs using.

From: Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is strongly associated with NIHSS score and intracranial arterial calcification in acute ischemic stroke subjects

sd-LDL-C

Tertiles1, n = 211 ≤ 0.64 mmol/L

Tertiles 2,n = 215 0.65-1.07 mmol/L

Tertiles 3,n = 206 ≥1.07 mmol/L

p value

Non-hypolipemic drugs users, n = 632

Hypolipemic drugs users, n = 122

All patients, n = 754

p value

Age(years)

69.1 ± 13.6

66.2 ± 12.0

61.7 ± 13.0

<0.001

64.3 ± 13.2

70.2 ± 10.6

65.3 ± 13.1

0.001

BMI(kg/m2)

22.81 ± 2.50

23.22 ± 2.61

23.44 ± 2.79

0.320

23.17 ± 2.49

23.38 ± 2.56

23.27 ± 2.52

0.335

Smoking,n(%)

66 (31.3%)

71 (33.0%)

78 (7.8%)

0.340

237 (37.5%)

30 (24.3%)

267 (35.4%)

0.022

Drinking, n(%)

40 (19.0%)

43 (20.0%)

53 (25.7%)

0.194

152 (24.1%)

18 (14.3%)

170 (22.6%)

0.045

HT,n(%)

136 (64.4%)

155 (72.1%)

135 (65.5%)

0.191

413 (65.4%)

105 (85.7%)

518 (68.6%)

<0.001

DM, n(%)

56 (26.5%)

75 (34.9%)

76 (36.9%)

0.057

192 (30.4%)

37 (30.0%)

229 (30.3%)

0.538

CHD, n(%)

14 (6.6%)

20 (9.3%)

22 (10.7%)

0.335

44 (7.0%)

40 (32.9%)

84 (11.1%)

<0.001

Hyperlipidemia,n(%)

55 (26.1%)

70 (32.6%)

106 (51.5%)

<0.001

154 (24.4%)

99 (81.4%)

253 (33.5%)

<0.001

AF, n(%)

20 (9.4%)

26 (12.1%)

30 (14.6%)

0.280

72 (11.4%)

19 (15.7%)

91 (12.0%)

0.201

SBP,mmHg

149.8 ± 26.3

149.7 ± 24.7

152.9 ± 26.5

0.597

149.2 ± 26.1

155.1 ± 27.7

150.3 ± 26.1

0.088

DBP, mmHg

81.8 ± 13.6

83.2 ± 15.1

88.8 ± 15.9

0.05

84.7 ± 15.5

85.5 ± 15.1

85.0 ± 15.3

0.680

Cr (umol/L)

77.3 ± 28.4

76.8 ± 29.1

78.2 ± 28.6

0.881

76.1 ± 29.8

80.5 ± 30.7

76.4 ± 29.1

0.269

UA (umol/L)

345.6 ± 105.2

368.9 ± 120.5

392.7 ± 120.1

0.005

369.6 ± 121.1

370.8 ± 112.8

369.7 ± 117.5

0.938

TC (mmol/L)

3.96 ± 0.95

4.51 ± 0.89

5.11 ± 0.96

<0.001

5.09 ± 1.16

4.39 ± 0.99

4.62 ± 1.05

<0.001

TG (mmol/L)

1.28 ± 0.69

1.63 ± 1.40

2.25 ± 1.49

<0.001

2.11 ± 1.88

1.60 ± 1.13

1.69 ± 1.30

0.002

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.20 ± 0.65

1.07 ± 0.33

1.14 ± 0.39

0.105

1.13 ± 0.64

1.14 ± 0.40

1.13 ± 0.59

0.883

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.21 ± 0.93

2.61 ± 0.71

2.96 ± 0.85

<0.001

2.87 ± 1.00

2.52 ± 0.82

2.77 ± 0.85

0.002

ApoA1 (g/L)

1.30 ± 0.22

1.33 ± 0.25

1.29 ± 0.23

0.787

1.31 ± 0.21

1.33 ± 0.26

1.31 ± 0.22

0.612

ApoB (g/L)

0.70 ± 0.17

0.91 ± 0.24

1.06 ± 0.22

<0.001

0.90 ± 0.25

0.99 ± 0.25

0.91 ± 0.25

0.008

TC/HDL

3.66 ± 0.95

4.27 ± 1.35

5.12 ± 1.44

<0.001

4.78 ± 1.69

4.28 ± 1.33

4.33 ± 1.38

0.006

TG/HDL

1.22 ± 0.81

1.65 ± 1.60

2.29 ± 1.70

<0.001

2.15 ± 1.28

1.63 ± 1.32

1.72 ± 1.51

0.009

ApoB/ ApoA1

0.54 ± 0.13

0.70 ± 0.20

0.85 ± 0.27

<0.001

0.70 ± 0.22

0.78 ± 0.35

0.72 ± 0.25

0.023

HbA1c (%)

6.70 ± 1.60

6.76 ± 1.63

7.42 ± 1.59

0.110

7.06 ± 1.48

7.00 ± 1.84

7.04 ± 1.63

0.919

D-dimer (mg/L)

1.22 ± 2.01

1.35 ± 2.38

1.27 ± 2.56

0.953

1.25 ± 2.40

1.60 ± 2.48

1.25 ± 2.33

0.276

Hcys (umol/L)

20.22 ± 12.39

21.87 ± 16.31

16.52 ± 8.94

0.05

19.17 ± 12.64

18.54 ± 10.21

19.1 ± 12.4

0.723

IAC score

3.36 ± 3.23

3.57 ± 3.41

4.45 ± 3.78

0.01

3.65 ± 3.46

4.82 ± 3.77

3.83 ± 3.50

0.01

Death,n (%)

20 (9.5%)

23 (10.7%)

29 (14.1%)

0.310

72 (11.6%)

13 (10.7%)

85 (11.3%)

0.324

NIHSS score

5.11 ± 5.05

6.67 ± 6.10

7.89 ± 6.68

<0.001

6.31 ± 6.12

8.25 ± 7.39

6.55 ± 6.34

0.019

mRS score

2.13 ± 1.64

2.30 ± 1.79

2.50 ± 1.81

0.225

2.30 ± 1.82

2.66 ± 1.83

2.34 ± 1.82

0.134

Severe IAC, n (%)

22 (10.4%)

30 (13.9%)

50 (24.3%)

<0.001

85 (13.4%)

32 (26.2%)

117 (15.5%)

0.001

  1. AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, dilated blood pressure; CHD, coronary heart disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TG, total triglyceride; UA, uric acid; Apo B: Apolipoproteins B; ApoA-1: Apolipoproteins A-1; sd-LDL-C: Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HT, hypertension; Hcys, homocysteine; IAC, intracranial artery calcification; mRS score, Modified Rankin Scale score; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.
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