Figure 6

Hyolingual muscle activity and velocity during swallowing. EMG data have been rectified, integrated, and flipped over each’s axis to facilitate data visualization. The magnitude of each tracing indicates the magnitude of normalized muscle activity. Colors indicate that the respective muscle is shortening, white indicates muscle lengthening, and black indicates isometry. Data are not available for some animals because they either lacked markers (Monkey K digastrics) or EMG electrodes were confirmed implanted in only one animal (Monkey C styloglossus, Monkey J posterior digastric). Vertical dark gray bar indicates the duration of tongue base retraction. Data are aligned to the onset of tongue base retraction (Time = 0.0).