Table 1 Precision* across all four animals in a cranial coordinate system.

Markers (X \| Y \| Z, mm)		Muscle Length (mm)		Tongue Dimensions (mm)		Volume (mL)
Anterior	0.07 \| 0.08 \| 0.07	Hyoglossus	0.06	Anterior Depth	0.04	Anterior Oral Tongue	0.006
Lateral Right	0.07 \| 0.05 \| 0.07	Palatoglossus	0.04	Anterior Length	0.05	Posterior Oral Tongue	0.021
Lateral Left	0.07 \| 0.05 \| 0.06	Styloglossus	0.05	Anterior Width	0.06	Tongue Base	0.005
Middle Surface	0.06 \| 0.05 \| 0.06	Muscle Orientation (°)		Posterior Depth	0.05	Oral Volume	0.077
Middle Deep	0.07 \| 0.05 \| 0.06	Hyoglossus	0.12	Posterior Length	0.05	Mandible Kinematics (°)
Posterior Right	0.06 \| 0.04 \| 0.06	Palatoglossus	0.27	Posterior Width	0.07	Pitch	1.61
Posterior Left	0.06 \| 0.05 \| 0.06	Styloglossus	0.10	Tongue Base Depth	0.05	Pitch	1.61
Posterior Surface	0.06 \| 0.03 \| 0.05			Tongue Base Length	0.04	Hyoid Kinematics (mm)
Posterior Deep	0.07 \| 0.04 \| 0.05			Tongue Base Width	0.05	Protraction	0.10
Vallecula	0.06 \| 0.05 \| 0.04					Elevation	0.04

*As measured by the pooled standard deviation, \({s}_{pooled}=\sqrt{\frac{{s}_{1}^{2}+{s}_{2}^{2}+\mathrm{..}.+{s}_{k}^{2}}{k}}\) where s is the standard deviation and k is the number of animals.

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